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Processes 2018, 6, 59 9 of 14 Processes 2018, 6, x FOR PEER REVIEW 9 of 14 3.3. Adsorption Behavior of the HMO 3.3. Adsorption Behavior of the HMO 3.3.1. Effect of pH Value on Adsorption Capacity F3.i3g.1u.rEeff8ecdteosfcprHibeVsaltuheopnHAdvsaolurpetieofnfeCcatpoancityhe Li+ adsorption process. The adsorption capacity of HMO was very low in acidic condition. The adsorption capacity of HMO increased sharply and Figure 8 describes the pH value effect on the Li+ adsorption process. The adsorption capacity of then reached the maximum with the pH value increase in solution, which indicated that alkaline HMO was very low in acidic condition. The adsorption capacity of HMO increased sharply and then adsorption environment favored the adsorption of HMO. The adsorption-desorption mechanism of reached the maximum with the pH value increase in solution, which indicated that alkaline + LMOadcasonrpbteioenxepnlavinroendmbeyntFfiagvuoreds 1thaenads3ocr.pAtiodnsorfpHtMioOn.LTiheaatdaslokrapltiinoen-cdoensodriptitoionims becehnaenfiiscmialofto the ++ formLatMioOncoafnLbMeeOxpalnadineddesboyrFpitgiounresof1Lainda3tct.hAedascoirdptciondLitiaotnailskableineecfiocniadlittionthisebfeonremfiacitaiolntoothfeHMO. formation of LMO and desorption of Li+ at the acid condition is beneficial to the formation of HMO. The mathematic relationship [12] between adsorption capacity (Qe) and pH could be described by The mathematic relationship [12] between adsorption ca+pacity (Qe) and pH could be described by the equation Qe = f (Ce, pH). The Qe (the amount of Li insertion) increases by the increase of pH. the equation Qe = f (Ce, pH). The Qe (the amount of Li+ insertion) increases by the increase of pH. When the pH was greater than 10, the adsorption capacity of HMO hardly increase with the increase When the pH was greater than 10, the adsorption capacity of HMO hardly increase with the increase of pH value. We speculated that the reduction of Mn4+ was accelerated under the strong alkaline of pH value. We speculated that the reduction of Mn4+ was accelerated under the strong alkaline condition, so the adsorption of the ion sieve was inhibited. Therefore, when pH > 10, the adsorption condition, so the adsorption of the ion sieve was inhibited. Therefore, when pH > 10, the adsorption capacity Qe tends to be stable. The similar phenomenon was also found by other reseachers [28]. capacity Qe tends to be stable. The similar phenomenon was also found by other reseachers [28]. 28 24 20 16 12 8 4 0 Figure 8. The Qe—pH value curve with adsorption of 0.1 g HMO in 50 mg·L−1 Li+ at 18 °C. Figure 8. The Qe—pH value curve with adsorption of 0.1 g HMO in 50 mg·L−1 Li+ at 18 ◦C. 3.3.2. Static Adsorption Test 3.3.2. Static Adsorption Test Exp. data Optimum condition 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 pH Value Figure 9 shows that the adsorption process occurs primarily in the rapid adsorption stage and + Fthigeuerxech9asnhgoewosftLhiatinthtoetahdesosprpinteiolnlapttricoecedsosmoicncautrespthriemaadrsiolyrpitniotnheflraatpsitdagaed.sToarbpletio3ncsotmagpearaensdthe + exchasnyngtehoesfisLimeinthtodthaensdpiandeslolrapttiiocne dcaopmaciintyateosf tλh-eMandOs2oirnpttihoins flpatpestrawgeit.hTathbolese3 ocfomotphaerepsaspyenr.thesis Solid-phase [19,20] method is often reacted with high energy consumption. It is apparent that method and adsorption capacity of λ-MnO2 in this paper with those of other paper. Solid-phase [19,20] hydrothermal method usually uses strong alkaline LiOH [29] or acidic manganese salt [23] as raw method is often reacted with high energy consumption. It is apparent that hydrothermal method material with the disadvantage of corroding equipment. In this study λ-MnO2 was obtained by the usually uses strong alkaline LiOH [29] or acidic manganese salt [23] as raw material with the one-pot hydrothermal method under neutral and mild condition. The adsorption capacity is 24.7 disadvantageofcorrodingequipment.Inthisstudyλ-MnO wasobtainedbytheone-pothydrothermal 2 mg·g−1, 64.4% of the theoretical adsorption capacity = – ; = = methodunderneutralandmildcondition.Theadsorptioncapacityis24.7mg·g ,64.4% ofthe . = 64.4%, which is higher than the 49.2% of the theoretical adsorption capacity reported in the theoretical adsorption capacity Q = MLi = 6.94×1000 = 38.3 mg·g−1; Q = 24.7 = 64.4%, which . th Mλ−MnO2 180.94 Qth 38.3 paper [23]; and 61.9% of the theoretical adsorption capacity in the paper. The Crank’s model was is higher than the 49.2% of the theoretical adsorption capacity reported in the paper [23]; and 61.9% of used to predict the adsorption rate of Li+. The model fitted well with the experimental data. The the theoretical adsorption capacity in the paper. The Crank’s model was used to predict the adsorption efficient film coefficient (De) were calculated by Equation (2) as 1.35 × 10−5 cm2·s−1. The correlation rate of Li+. The model fitted well with the experimental data. The efficient film coefficient (De) coefficient (R2) was 0.9971. The coefficient of mass transfer (k) can be obtained by efficient film were calculated by Equation (2) as 1.35 × 10−5 cm2·s−1. The correlation coefficient (R2) was 0.9971. coefficient and physical property of adsorption system. In all, De derived from fitting calculation The coefficient of mass transfer (k) can be obtained by efficient film coefficient and physical property of provides a vital parameter of feed height in adsorption tower design [30]. adsorption system. In all, De derived from fitting calculation provides a vital parameter of feed height in adsorption tower design [30]. = 38.3 mg ∙ g 6.94 × 1000 180.94 −1 Qe (mg.g-1)PDF Image | Sieves for Highly Selective Li Adsorption
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