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Energies 2020, 13, 5198 3 of 11 Energies 2020, 13, x FOR PEER REVIEW 3 of 12 (carbon cloth without MPL; thickness: 0.425 mm; porosity: 0.83), CC_MPL (carbon cloth with MPL; (carbon cloth without MPL; thickness: 0.425 mm; porosity: 0.83), CC_MPL (carbon cloth with MPL; thickness: 0.41 mm; porosity: 0.80), and CC_MPL_ELAT (carbon cloth with MPL; thickness: 0.454 mm; thickness: 0.41 mm; porosity: 0.80), and CC_MPL_ELAT (carbon cloth with MPL; thickness: 0.454 porosity: 0.63). In addition, four different carbon papers, CP (carbon paper without MPL and PTFE mm; porosity: 0.63). In addition, four different carbon papers, CP (carbon paper without MPL and treated, 20 (±5) wt. %; thickness: 0.11 mm; porosity: 0.78), CP_T (carbon paper without MPL and PTFE treated, 20 (±5) wt. %; thickness: 0.11 mm; porosity: 0.78), CP_T (carbon paper without MPL PTFE treated, 20 (±5) wt. %; thickness: 0.19 mm; porosity: 0.78), CP_MPL (carbon paper with MPL; and PTFE treated, 20 (±5) wt. %; thickness: 0.19 mm; porosity: 0.78), CP_MPL (carbon paper with thickness: 0.24 mm; porosity: 0.80), and CP_MPL_T (carbon paper with MPL; thickness: 0.34 mm; MPL; thickness: 0.24 mm; porosity: 0.80), and CP_MPL_T (carbon paper with MPL; thickness: 0.34 porosity: 0.80) were tested. As cathode DL, carbon cloth, CC was used. The DLs with an MPL have a mm; porosity: 0.80) were tested. As cathode DL, carbon cloth, CC was used. The DLs with an MPL PTFE treatment of 15–20 wt% and the microporous layer has 25–30 wt% of PTFE as the binder. have a PTFE treatment of 15–20 wt% and the microporous layer has 25–30 wt% of PTFE as the binder. Figure 1. “In-house” passive direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC). Figure 1. “In-house” passive direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC). All the materials tested as DLs were supplied by QuinTech and FuelCellsEtc. The anode and All the materials tested as DLs were supplied by QuinTech and FuelCellsEtc. The anode and cathode diffusion layers were pressed in the 3-layer MEA when assembling the fuel cell. All the tests cathode diffusion layers were pressed in the 3-layer MEA when assembling the fuel cell. All the tests were performed at ambient conditions. were performed at ambient conditions. 2.2. Electrochemical Measurements The elelcetcrtorcohcehmemicaiclatlesttse,sptso,larpizoalatiroinza, tainodn,EISanmdeaEsuISremeenatsuwrerme enxtescutwederien aenxelceuctreodcheinmicaanl weleocrtkrsotcahtieomn,iZcaAlHwNorEkRst-aelteiokntr,iZkAGHmNbHER&-eCleok. tKriGk(GKmrobnHac&h,GCoer.mKaGn(yG).eFrmoraenaych).eFxopreeraimchenetxaplecroinmdeintitoanl cteosntdedit,iothnetepsoteladr,itzhaetipoonlacurirzvaetisownecruervpesrfworemreepdearfoterrmfieldlinafgtetrhfeilalinogdtihcereasneordviocireasnedrvloeiarvaindgltehaevcinegll tahtethcelolpatetnhceirocpueintcoirncduitioconnsdfoitrio1n5smfoinr,1t5omenins,utroeeintsuorpeirtastiopneraattsiotenadatysstetatdeycsotnadteitcionsd.itAiosntsh.eAses tmheasesumremaseunrtesmwenretspwereforermpedrfogramlveadnogsatalvtiacnaollsyt,atthiecaclulyrr,etnhteacpuprlriendtrapnpgeliewdasrafnrogmew0taostfhreoma0xitmouthme mcuarxreimntuamllocuwrerdenbt yalltohwe efudeblycethlle, fcueell vceollt,acgeell nveoaltragtoe zneraor.toAztereoa.cAh timeapchosiemdpcousrerdencut,rrthenetc, ethllewcealsl wopaesroapteedraftoerd3fomri3nmtoinretaochresatcehadstyeastdaytestcaotnedciotniodnisti,oanftse,raftthearttthaetcthelelcveolltvagoeltawgaeswmaesamsueraesduraenddatnhde tphoewpeorwcaerlccuallactuelda.teFdo.rFeoarcehascehtsoeftcofncdointidointisotnestedst,eedx,peexrpimereimntesnwtsewreeprerpfeorfmoremdeudnutinltoibltoabitnaiinginagt aletalsetatswt towsoimsimlarilraersruelstsu,ltas,realarteilvaetievreroerrboertwbetewnetewnotwreoadreinagdsinbgeslobwelo10w%1.0B%e.twBetewneeancheatechsttehset cthelel wceallswreafisllredfilwleidthwaitfhreashfrmesehthmaentohlasnoolultsiolnu.tion. The EIStteessttssweererepperefrofromrmededini-nsi-tsuit,ua,tadtiffdeifrfeenrtefnuteflucellcveollltvaogletsa,gaefsr,eaqufrenqcuyernacnygerafnrogme f1r0omH10z mtoH1z00tok1H00z,kaHnzd, andaamnpalmitupdlietuodfe1o0f 1m0Vm. TVh. TehtesttesstpsrporcoecdeudrueruesuesdedininththeeEEIISSmeasurements was performed with a pDMFC working with methanol and air at, respectively, the anode and cathode sides, to obtain the cell spectrum (Figure 2) and then replaced the air at the cathode by hydrogen to perform the half-celll measurreemeennttss. .ThiissiissaaccommoonnpprroocceedduurereininppDDMMFFCCsyssytsetmems sisnicnecethteheusueseofoaf arerfefrernecnecelelcetcrtordoedeisisvevreyryddiffiiffciucultl.t.AAssththeelolossseessaasssoocciiaatteedwiitthhydrogen were despicable, all the dataobtainediinththeehhaalfl-fc-eclellmlmeaesausruermemenetnstwsawsaasttartibtruibteudtetdothoethweorwkoinrgkienlgecetrleocdter,owdeh,icwhhiinchthinsctahsies wcaassetwhaesatnhoedaen.oCdoem. Cpoamripnagrtihneghthaelfh-caellfl-cmelelamsueraesmurenmtsenwtsithwtithhetohveeorvalelrcaelllcoelnleosn,eits,witaws pasospsoisbsliebtloe taoccaecscsesthsethceacthatohdoedbeebheahvaivoiro[r1[71–72–02]0.]T.Thhisispprarcatcitcieceaalloloweeddsseeleleccttininggttheeopttiimallequivalentelectric circuit (EEC) for the pDMFC under study (Figure 3) [19,20]. The EEC was then ffiitted to the overall impedance spectrum,, represented by a Nyquist plot (Figure 2) to obtain the resistances that have a negative impact on the pDMFC performance.PDF Image | Anode Diffusion Layer Properties on Direct Methanol Fuel Cell
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