PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 004
Energies 2010, 3 1502 2.1. Alcohol Oxidation The mechanism of electrochemical oxidation of methanol on platinum in alkaline systems involves formation of adsorbed methanolic species and OH on the Pt surface. The oxidation takes place through a series of reaction steps involving successive electron transfer, i.e. partial oxidation, to form adsorbed species. These react with adsorbed OH to potentially form carbon dioxide. The reaction mechanism has been written as follows [22]: Pt + OH−→Pt-(OH)ads + e− Pt + (CH3OH)sol→Pt-(CH3OH)ads Pt-(CH3OH)ads + OH−→Pt-(CH3O)ads + H2O + e− Pt-(CH3O)ads + OH−→Pt-(CH2O)ads + H2O + e− Pt-(CH2O)ads + OH−→Pt-(CHO)ads + H2O + e− Pt-(CHO)ads + OH−→Pt-(CO)ads + H2O + e− Pt-(CHO)ads + Pt-(OH)ads + 2OH−→2Pt + CO2 + 2H2O + 2e− Pt-(CHO)ads + Pt-(OH)ads + OH−→Pt + Pt-(COOH)ads + H2O + e− Pt-(CO)ads + Pt-(OH)ads + OH−→2Pt + CO2 + H2O + e− Pt-(CO)ads + Pt-(OH)ads Pt + Pt-(COOH)ads Pt-(COOH)ads + OH−→Pt-(OH)ads + HCOO− Pt-(COOH)ads + Pt-(OH)ads→2Pt +CO2 + H2O (5) The rate-determining step is most likely the reaction with the oxidation of the active intermediate—CHO [23–29]. For other alcohols, the higher energy density and lower toxicity of polyhydric alcohols still attract lots of interest in applying these alcohols in fuel cells, but the electrochemical oxidation is more difficult and the reaction mechanism is more complicated, since it involves breaking C-C bond(s). The reaction at low temperature leads to a low Faradic efficiency. The mechanism and kinetics of oxidation of different alcohols using Pt-based and non-Pt based metal catalysts have been investigated. Tremiliosi-Filho et al. [30] and de Lima and Varela [31] investigated ethanol oxidation on polycrystalline gold electrodes. Liang et al. [32] and Nguyen et al. [33] have both studied ethanol oxidation on palladium catalysts. For ethanol oxidation in alkaline media, the formation of acetaldehyde or acetic acid was identified [34]. The steps involved can be presented as: 1. M + OH−→M-OHads + e− 2. M + CH3CH2OH→M-(CH3CH2OH)ads 3. M-(CH3CH2OH)ads + 3OH−→M-(CH3CO)ads + 3H2O + 3e− 4. M-(CH3CO)ads + M-OHads→M-CH3COOH + M 5. M-CH3COOH + OH−→M + CH3COO− + H2O M = Au or Pd. (6)PDF Image | Aspects of Direct Alkaline Alcohol Fuel Cells
PDF Search Title:
Aspects of Direct Alkaline Alcohol Fuel CellsOriginal File Name Searched:
energies-03-01499.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com | RSS | AMP |