PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 008
Energies 2010, 3 1506 Pt matrix reduces the degree of anode poisoning. The Ru-containing catalysts shifted the onset potential for methanol oxidation to more negative values [47]. The study of Tripkovic et al. [48] investigated methanol oxidation on a Pt/C and a Pt2Ru3/C electrode and showed that in alkaline solutions the difference in activity between the catalysts was smaller than in acid solutions. This proved the above study that the poisoning effect from fuel oxidation to catalyst is less severe. Matsuoka et al. [13] used an OH-form anion exchange membrane and polyhydric alcohols in DAAFCs with Pt-Ru/C as the anode catalysts and Pt/C and Ag for the cathode catalysts. The fuel cells showed good performance with the maximum power densities obtained in the order of ethylene glycol > glycerol > methanol > erythritol > xylitol. For alcohol oxidation, the combination of (alloying) elements such as Ru, Mo, Sn, Re, Os, Rh, Pb and Bi with platinum give tolerance to the poisoning species compared to platinum alone. Verma et al. [49] studied three different catalysts: Pt-black, Pt-Ru (40 wt%:20 wt%)/C and Pt/C (40 wt%), with varying loads at the anode against a MnO2 cathode for alkaline fuel cells using methanol, ethanol or sodium borohydride as fuel. Liquid KOH solution was used as the electrolyte. The Pt-Ru/C produces the best cell performance for all fuels. Ethanol produced a single peak at 0.03 V (vs. NHE) and no characteristics of C-C bond breaking were observed. Chemical analysis confirmed production of acetaldehyde and acetic acid. For methanol, a broad plateau was produced from –0.4 to 0.6 V and indicated that Pt black was more active for ethanol oxidation than for methanol oxidation. Electrooxidation of ethanol on Pt-ZrO2/C catalyst was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in alkaline solution. Pt-ZrO2/C showed higher catalytic activity than Pt/C (20 wt% E-TEK). The optimum ratio for Pt:ZrO2 was 1:4 [50]. Multi-metallic Pt based catalysts were studied on the electrooxidation of ethylene glycol (EG) in alkaline medium [51]. The addition of Bi to platinum caused a positive shift of the onset potential for EG oxidation by 70 mV but an increase of current density. The ternary catalyst PtPdBi/C did not change the EG oxidation onset potential, and a higher current density was obtained compared to PtBi/C. The performance of these catalysts was evaluated with an alkaline membrane fuel cell. OCV and power density are summarised in Table 2. Table 2. Fuel cell performance using ethylene glycol in alkaline medium at multi-metallic Pt based catalysts [51]. Catalyst Pt/C PtBi/C PtPdBi/C OCV/V Power density/mWcm−2 0.66 19 0.83 22 0.81 28 Improved OCV and power density were obtained from binary and ternary catalysts. The catalysts containing Bi seem to activate the oxidation of EG in oxalate compared to Pt. It was proposed that in binary and ternary catalysts with Bi and Pd, Bi mainly favours the adsorption of OH but affects the product distribution by changing the composition of chemisorbed species; Pd can reduce the poisoning on Pt sites by changing the composition of chemisorbed species. Palladium is a very good electrocatalyst for organic fuel electro-oxidation and is a potential alternative to platinum when alloyed with non-noble metals for use in DAFCs. Although Pd does notPDF Image | Aspects of Direct Alkaline Alcohol Fuel Cells
PDF Search Title:
Aspects of Direct Alkaline Alcohol Fuel CellsOriginal File Name Searched:
energies-03-01499.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com | RSS | AMP |