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Capturing and Utilizing CO2 from Ethanol: Adding Economic Value and Jobs to Rural Economies and Communities While Reducing Emissions Figure 1: Carbon Capture Works Across Multiple Industries Successful commercial-scale carbon capture deployment has a long history through the capture, compression and pipeline transport of CO2 for use in enhanced oil recovery with geologic storage, especially in the U.S. Industrial processes where large-scale carbon capture are demonstrated and in commercial operation include natural gas processing, fertilizer production, coal gasification, ethanol production, refinery hydrogen production and, most recently, coal-fired power generation. • 1972: Terrell gas processing plant in Texas - A natural gas processing facility (along with several others) began supplying CO2 in West Texas through the first large- scale, long-distance CO2 pipeline to an oilfield. • 1982: Koch Nitrogen Company Enid Fertilizer plant in Oklahoma – This fertilizer production plant supplies CO2 to oilfields in southern Oklahoma. • 1986: Exxon Shute Creek Gas Processing Facility in Wyoming – This natural gas processing plant serves ExxonMobil, Chevron, Denbury and Anadarko Petroleum CO2 pipeline systems to oilfields in Wyoming and Colorado and is the largest commercial carbon capture facility in the world at 7 million tons of capacity annually. • 2000: Dakota Gasification’s Great Plains Synfuels Plant in North Dakota – This coal gasification plant produces synthetic natural gas, fertilizer and other byproducts. It has supplied over 30 million tons of CO2 to Cenovus and Apache-operated EOR fields in southern Saskatchewan as of 2015. • 2003: Core Energy/South Chester Gas Processing Plant in Michigan – CO2 is captured by Core Energy from natural gas processing for EOR in northern Michigan, with over 2 million MT captured to date. • 2009: Conestoga Energy Partners’ Arkalon Bioethanol plant in Kansas – The first ethanol plant to deploy carbon capture, it supplies 170,000 tons of CO2 per year, originally to Chaparral Energy and now to Perdure Petroleum, which uses it for EOR in Texas oilfields. • 2010: Occidental Petroleum’s Century Plant in Texas – The CO2 stream from this natural gas processing facility is compressed and transported for use in the Permian Basin. • 2011 Illinois Basin – Decatur Project in Decatur, Illinois – The CO2 stream is captured from ethanol fermentation at the ADM corn processing plant. Approximately 1,000 MT per day was captured and injected into a saline reservoir 7,000 feet beneath the surface. A total of 1 million MT was stored over three years. • 2012: Air Products Port Arthur Steam Methane Reformer Project in Texas – Two hydrogen production units at this refinery produce a million tons of CO2 annually for use in Texas oilfields. • 2012: Conestoga Energy Partners/Petro Santander Bonanza Bioethanol plant in Kansas – This ethanol plant captured and supplies roughly 100,000 tons of CO2 per year to a Kansas EOR field. • 2013: ConocoPhillips Lost Cabin plant in Wyoming – The CO2 stream from this natural gas processing facility is compressed and transported to the Bell Creek oilfield in Montana via Denbury Resources’ Greencore pipeline. • 2013: CVR Energy Coffeyville Gasification Plant in Kansas – The CO2 stream (approximately 850,000 tons per year) from a nitrogen fertilizer production process based on gasification of petroleum coke is captured, compressed and transported to an oilfield in northeastern Oklahoma originally operated by Chaparral Energy and now by Perdure Petroleum. • 2013: Antrim Gas Plant in Michigan – CO2 from a gas processing plant owned by DTE Energy is captured at a rate of approximately 1,000 tons per day and injected into an oilfield operated by Core Energy in the Michigan Basin. • 2014: SaskPower Boundary Dam project in Saskatchewan, Canada – SaskPower commenced operation of the first commercial-scale retrofit of an existing coal-fired power plant with carbon capture technology, selling CO2 locally for EOR in Saskatchewan. • 2015: Shell Quest project in Alberta, Canada – Shell began operations on a bitumen upgrader complex that captures approximately one million tons of CO2 annually from hydrogen production units and injects it into a deep saline formation. • 2017: NRG Petra Nova project in Texas – NRG commenced 240 MW slipstream of flue gas from the existing WA Parish plant. The CO2 is transported to an oilfield nearby. • 2017: ADM Illinois Industrial Carbon Capture & Storage Project – Archer Daniels Midland began capture from an ethanol production facility in April 2017, sequestering it in a nearby deep saline formation. The project can capture up to 1.1 million tons of CO2 per year. Page 10 Prepared by the State CO2-EOR Deployment Work GroupPDF Image | Capturing and Utilizing CO2 from Ethanol
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