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Chapter 3 Heat exchanger design and construction CO2 removal from air using thermomechanical exergy recovery from liquid hydrogen relies on very high effectiveness heat exchange. Matrix type heat exchangers made from perforated plates were chosen to achieve this. Their application as reversing heat exchangers is discussed. Methods for analysis oftheir thermal and hydraulic performance are reviewed. A new analytical method for their design has been adopted. This method and its adaptation to this problem are presented. A new method for the construction ofMHE's has been devised and is described. Optimization of MHE geometry is discussed. 3.1 Introduction Calculations for using the thermomechanical exergy of liquid hydrogen to effect CO2 removal from air, described in the chapter two, show that the process depends on heat exchange to an effectiveness greater than at least 85%. Since the condensation of moisture in the process air represents up to ~30% of the cooling required it is essential that this water be re-vaporised. The description of the required heat exchange apparatus given in chapter two, requires that two heat exchangers operate in separate temperature ranges since the temperature range for refrigeration purification of air by condensation of water and sublimation of CO2 are quite separate; a reversing section for the water range, above ~200K, and a non-reversing section below 200K. Reversing heat exchangers have been used commonly in air separation plants for the removal of water and carbon dioxide from the inlet air. Their design and operation is reviewed briefly, and discussed as relevant to this design. The two heat exchangers to be used are both perforated plate matrix heat exchangers (MHE) to enable high effectiveness heat and mass transfer. Their structure, heat transfer and flow friction characteristics of the surfaces used, and methods of analysis for the thermal and hydraulic performance of matrix heat exchangers are reviewed. A sizing procedure for the heat exchangers is established and a simple program to calculate the size and pressure drop, for various design variables, is developed. It incorporates an iterative procedure for taking into account temperature dependant gas properties. Unavailability o f suitable materials to manufacture wire mesh cores for the matrix heat exchangers led to the development of a new method for construction for perforated plate MHE's. This method allows a metal - plastic construction which was found to be very successful. The construction is described. Optimization of matrix heat exchanger geometry is complex. An exhaustive search method was used. This optimization was used to check the viability of the newPDF Image | CO2 removal from air for alkaline fuel cells operating with liquid H2
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