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3.6 Matrix heat exchanger - construction 35 Table 3.2 Schematic approach to heat exchanger sizing including temperature related variation of fluid properties Input • effectiveness .. hot and cold end temperatures • number o f temperature increments • plate geometry • flow rate Calculate for each temperature increment • average bulk fluid temperature • fluid properties .. local flow and geometry dependant variables • overall heat transfer coefficient • area required • pressure drop Output • total area • volume • number of plates • total pressure drop only reported here briefly or as pertinent. McMahon et al. used commercially available punched plates in a demountable assembly with neoprene gaskets. Vonk[94] used paper impregnated with cresol (phenolic) resin to form spacers between wire mesh screens. The MHE was fabricated by hot pressing (curing at elevated temperature and pressure) a stack of screens and spacers in a suitable jig. These MHE's are still in use in Phillips Helium Liquefiers. Since then, adhesive bonding has been used for providing leak free bonds between metal plates and plastic spacers. Detailed information on ty.pes of adhesives and joining techniques are not generally available in open literature. Lately vacuum diffusion welding has been used to make all metal MHE's. An example of this is described by Voronin et al.[95]. For this work the method described by Vonk[94] was used in an attempt to fabricate wire mesh cores. The hot press constructed for this·purpose is shown in Plate 3.1. Several materials were tried as spacers: paper based pre-impregnated material, epoxy resin films, epoxy resin with thickeners to reduce flow, Xylan flouropolymer, etc.. None of these materials met the criteria of providing leak free bonding and ease of application. Following the failure of attempts to manufacture wire mesh cores in-house, a new method for fabricating perforated plate heat exchangers was devised using materials and processes that were available locally. Perforated plates were manufactured by photo- chemical etching. Spacers were made from fibre glass laminate used for printed circuit boards (PCB). This laminate has 70Jlm thin copper film pre-bonded on either side. Spacers were manufactured by punching. The plates and spacers were screen printed with Indalloy® (Sn Pb Ag) solder paste, stacked in a jig and baked to flow the solder.PDF Image | CO2 removal from air for alkaline fuel cells operating with liquid H2
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