PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 004
Processes 2021, 9, x FOR PEER REVIEW 4 of 14 Processes 2021, 9, 528 4 of 14 The produced mixture gases were detected by an online connection GC with a 1000 mesh carbon molecular sieve. The oxygen permeation rates through the composite membranes The oxygen permeation rates through the composite membranes can be calculated on the can be calculated on the basis of the following relationship [48]. basis of the following relationship [48]. CN Finlet 2 Ne J = C − × inlet (1) O OC Foutlet 22N J = C − 4.02× S×C (1) O O 2 NeNe 2 2 4.02 S×Coutlet Ne 𝐶 , 𝐶 , and 𝐶𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑙𝑒𝑡 are the percentages of oxygen, nitrogen, and neon in the outlet 𝑂2𝑁2 𝑁𝑒 C , and Coutlet are the percentages of oxygen, nitrogen, and neon in the outlet flow gas, and 𝐹 is the flow rate of neon gas when it flows into the sweep side (the C , O2 N2 Ne flow gas, and Finlet is the flow rate of neon gas when it flows into the sweep side (the neon Ne −1 neon gas flow rate is 1 mL min ). S represents the effective penetrating areas of the CPM- gas flow rate is 1 mL min−1). S represents the effective penetrating areas of the CPM-PSFA PSFA (M = Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu) ceramic composite membranes sealed on the alundum (M = Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu) ceramic composite membranes sealed on the alundum tube. tube. In addition, 4.02 is calculated from the relationN = C 2 leak × = 4.02 (where 𝐶 and 32 79% 𝑂 leak In addition, 4.02 is calculated from the relation C = 28 ×21% = 4.02 (where2 C Cleak O2 28 21% O2 𝑙𝑒𝑎𝑘 O2 𝐶 are the leaked oxygen and leaked nitrogen content, respectively; 32 and 28 are the 𝑁2 leak and CN2 are the leaked oxygen and leaked nitrogen content, respectively; 32 and 28 are molar masses of nitrogen and oxygen, respectively; 79 and 21% correspond to the propor- the molar masses of nitrogen and oxygen, respectively; 79 and 21% correspond to the tion of nitrogen and oxygen in the air, respectively) and denotes the ratio of the leaked proportion of nitrogen and oxygen in the air, respectively) and denotes the ratio of the nitrogen on the basis of the theory of Kundsen diffusion. When we calculated the real leaked nitrogen on the basis of the theory of Kundsen diffusion. When we calculated permeation fluxes through our membranes, the subtle air diffusion through the ceramic the real permeation fluxes through our membranes, the subtle air diffusion through the adhesive should be taken into consideration and thereby the oxygen from the leakage of ceramic adhesive should be taken into consideration and thereby the oxygen from the the seal should be subtracted. leakage of the seal should be subtracted. 3.. Results and Discussion 3.1. Structural Characterization 3.1. Structural Characterization Figure 1 manifests the room-temperature XRD patterns of the CPM-PSFA (M = Fe, Co, Figure 1 manifests the room-temperature XRD patterns of the CPM-PSFA (M = Fe, Ni, Cu) composite powders after heated in air at 950 ◦C for 10 h. From Figure 1, we can Co, Ni, Cu) composite powders after heated in air at 950 °C for 10 h. From Figure 1, we see that the XRD peaks are assigned to the fluorite phase CPM and the perovskite phase can see that the XRD peaks are assigned to the fluorite phase CPM and the perovskite PSFA; there is no other impurity phase can be found. Moreover, it can be observed that phase PSFA; there is no other impurity phase can be found. Moreover, it can be observed after doping Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu transition metal elements into CP-PSFA, there is no shift for that after doping Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu transition metal elements into CP-PSFA, there is no the peak of PSFA phase, while the peak of fluorite phase has shifted towards high angles, shift for the peak of PSFA phase, while the peak of fluorite phase has shifted towards high suggesting that these Cu, Co, Fe, and Ni transition metal elements have been successfully angles, suggesting that these Cu, Co, Fe, and Ni transition metal elements have been suc- doped into only the fluorite phase (CP) but not the perovskite phase (PSFA). These results cessfully doped into only the fluorite phase (CP) but not the perovskite phase (PSFA). indicate that the CPM-PSFA dual-phase powders had been successfully prepared via the These results indicate that the CPM-PSFA dual-phase powders had been successfully pre- modified one-pot Pechini method. No obvious reaction or diffusion between the two pared via the modified one-pot Pechini method. No obvious reaction or diffusion between phases can be detected within our XRD resolution limit. the two phases can be detected within our XRD resolution limit. Cleak leak N2 32 79% 𝑙𝑒𝑎𝑘 Fiigurre1..X-raypowderrdiifffrraccttiion((XRD))rreefifnineemeenntstsfoforrCCPPM-P-PSSFFAA(M(M==FFee, ,CCoo, ,NNi,i,CCuu))ppoowwd-ers ◦ adfeterrscaaftlceirnceadlcainte9d50atC95f0or°C10fohri1n0ahir,inreasipre,crteisvpeelyc.tively.PDF Image | CO2-Tolerant Oxygen Permeation Membranes
PDF Search Title:
CO2-Tolerant Oxygen Permeation MembranesOriginal File Name Searched:
processes-09-00528-v2.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)