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Chapter 3 Impregnated membranes for DMFCs at high methanol concentrations 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 123456 Methanol Concentration [M] Figure 9. Maximum power densities of SPPEK1.4 and SPPEK1.4-PE as a function of methanol concentration (Data from N117 and N-PE are replotted from [13] ). 4. Conclusions In the present work, SPPEK and SPPEK-PE membranes, with two different IECs, were prepared and characterized for use in DMFC applications. Swelling, proton conductivity, diffusion and DMFC experiments were performed to understand the effect of impregnation of a conductive polymer into a non-conductive porous substrate. The swelling of the composite membrane is very low. Diffusion measurements show that the methanol permeability of SPPEK-PE is one order of magnitude lower than Nafion® and N-PE membranes and a factor 2 lower than pure SPPEK membrane. The proton conductivity, however, is rather low at 1 mS/cm2. It seems, however, that the substantially low methanol cross-over compensates the low proton conductivity and therefore the composite membrane shows superior performance than SPPEK, N117 and N-PE membranes at high methanol concentrations (6M). Unlike perfluorinated membranes, SPPEK-PE shows an increase in its DMFC performance with increasing methanol concentration and this makes it more attractive material for mobile DMFC applications where high methanol concentrations are needed to compete with Li-Ion batteries. 49 N-PE N117 S PP E K1 . 4 SPPEK1.4-PE Maximum Power Density [mW/cm2]PDF Image | Development of membrane materials for direct methanol fuel cells
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