Development of membrane materials for direct methanol fuel cells

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Development of membrane materials for direct methanol fuel cells ( development-membrane-materials-direct-methanol-fuel-cells )

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Chapter 4 Nafion®/H-ZSM-5 composite membranes with superior performance for DMFCs 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 012345 Zeolite content [wt.%] Figure 6. Swelling degrees of DE2020 and DEZ membranes as a function of zeolite content. 3.4. Methanol permeability Figure 7a shows that the methanol permeabilities of the composite membranes are lower than pure DE2020 membrane, consistent with earlier study of Byun et al. [17] with Nafion/H-ZSM-5 composite membrane (Si/Al=28). For most of the composite membranes, there is no effect of zeolite content or composition to the methanol cross-over. Interestingly, the methanol permeability of the DEZ25-5 is significantly lower than the others. In the literature, Maxwell model is often used to describe transport properties in heterogeneous polymer systems. The simple form of Maxwell analyzes the steady-state dielectric properties of a dilute suspension of spheres where the permeability of a composite, P, made by dispersing of nonporous, impermeable filler in a continuous polymer matrix is expressed as (2) is the volume frac- DE2020 DEZ100 DEZ75 DEZ 50 DEZ25 ⎝2⎠ where Pp is the permeability of the pure polymer and φ f ⎛⎞ ⎜1−φf ⎟ P=PP.⎜ φ ⎟, ⎜1+ f ⎟ tion of filler. Eq. 2 suggests that the permeability of the filled polymer is lower than of the pure polymer and decreases with increasing of filler con- 63 Swelling degree [%]

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