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Methanol that crosses over reacts directly with oxygen at the cathode (Figure 2). Electrons are brought directly from the anode to the cathode along with methanol resulting in an internal short circuiting and consequently a loss of current (Figure 3). Besides, the cathode catalyst, which is pure platinum, is fouled by methanol oxidations intermediates similar to anode. Anode Cathode CH3OH Bipolar plate MeOH oxidation Membrane MeOH solution Figure 2: Methanol crossover phenomenon Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2001, 3, 347-355 Figure 3: Internal short circuit created by crossover Simple solutions to prevent crossover: Crossover is enhanced by the concentration and pressure gradient between anode and cathode. It can be easily limited by using a low methanol concentration in the anode feed solution and by increasing cathode pressure in a certain measure. A compromise should be found for the concentration. It should be small enough to reduce crossover as much as possible but also supply the anode catalytic layer with enough methanol to produce an acceptable current density. - 19 -PDF Image | Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC) Performance
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