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The small thickness of the electrode promotes methanol crossover. Besides the cell is operated under harsh conditions which gives high performance. The data showed here are not comparable to those which will be presented later on in the experimental part as our operating conditions are quite different. However, it gives an idea of how crossover changes with temperature and how an issue it can be. It can be seen that despite the pressure difference of 1.5 bars between anode and cathode jcross is substantial. Current losses due to crossover are close to 50% at 120oC and close to 10% at ambient temperature. c. Gasmanagementonanodeside Most of the carbon dioxide formed during methanol oxidation is in the gas phase and has to be removed via the feed channel. CO2 is formed in the anode catalytic layer and diffuses to the top of the gas diffusion layer. There, CO2 bubbles form at the outlet of the pores. Their size depends on the size of the pores and the wettability of the electrode backing. After they reach a certain size, these bubbles are released into the methanol solution [6]. There is thus a two phase flow inside the feed channels and this is not without consequences on cell performance (Figure 5). The high concentration of bubbles makes them coalesce and form slugs. This results in a reduction of the methanol diffusion area. Consequently, the supply of methanol may not be sufficient to maintain a desired current density. The current density becomes limited by methanol diffusion. Journal of Power Sources, Volume 106, Issues 1-2, 1 April 2002, Pages 364-369 Figure 5: CO2 bubbles formation and coalescence in the anode feed channel - 21 -PDF Image | Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC) Performance
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