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The system has evolved since its initial conception and installation at NRL Key West in January of 2011, to include different carbon recovery technology and more filtration media. Seawater is supplied to the skid by an in house 40 psi supply line. The water is filtered by two spin down filters in series (100 μm and 30 μm). After filtration a portion of the seawater is sent to an 11 gallon high density polyethylene container that functions as the seawater feed container. Before the seawater in the seawater feed tank is fed to the center compartment of the E-CEM at 0.5 gallon/minute, it is pumped through a 5 μm filter cartridge. The other portion of the seawater supply is fed to the RO system for processing. The RO system is an EPRO-1000SW from Crane Environmental, Inc. (Venice, FL) that is capable of producing 0.07 gallons per minute (1000 gallons per day) of permeate (potable water quality from seawater at a conductivity of approximately 200 S/cm). This water is stored in an 11 gallon polyethylene container that is specified as the RO feed container (Figures 2-4). This water is the feed water to the electrode compartments of the E-CEM at a flow rate of 0.12 gallon/minute (460 ml/min). The flow is split as it enters the E-CEM resulting in electrode compartment flow rates of 0.06 gallon/minute (230 mL/min). In this evaluation the RO water to the electrodes will be replaced by KW-city water to determine how its composition effects E-CEM performance and effluent discharge. Figure 4 shows that the E-CEM has been designed so that the polarity of the cell can be reversed. This reversal is essential to aid in reducing mineral deposits on the electrode that is operating as the cathode. Ions that impart hardness to seawater include calcium (Ca+2) and magnesium (Mg+2) ions, and their total concentration is typically less than 2,000 mg/L. Hardness ions can migrate from the seawater in the center compartment (Figures 1 and 4) or could be introduced into the cathode compartment by the water feeding the cathode compartment. In previous laboratory studies deionized water was used as the feed water to the cathode compartment, so the only hardness ions entering the cathode compartment were from the center compartment [3,5]. However, during these tests it was found that the electrical resistance (voltage divided by amperage) increased from 4.07 Ohms to 6.45 Ohms over 150 minutes of operation. This 58% increase in resistance was an indication that minerals (Ca+2 and Mg+2) were depositing on the electrode surface of the cathode. These effects can be reduced by reversing the polarity of the electrodes. The change in polarity causes the minerals (scaling) to disassociate from the electrode surface. This is a common practice in Electrodialysis Reversal (EDR) processes. These processes are used to desalinate brackish ground and surface waters. Figure 4 shows that the flow from the individual electrode compartments to the hydrogen stripper are controlled by solenoid valves (valves C and D) to accommodate the necessary changes in polarity to the cell. A Mastech HY3030EX 0-30 amp, 0-30 volt high-current, high-voltage regulated DC power supply controls the pH of the seawater. NRL’s Marine Corrosion Facility supplied two (220 Vac, 40 A) and four (110 Vac, 20 A) to power the skid, and a continuous supply of Key West seawater. 5.0 EXPERIMENTAL 5.1 Carbon Capture Skid Operating Conditions Table 2 provides the operating flow rate conditions for the acidification cell in these test series. Seawater flows through the center compartment of the cell at 0.5 gal/min (1900 mL/min) (Figures 1 and 4). The Table shows that at this flow rate the maximum calculated CO2 available 9PDF Image | Extraction CO2 H2 in Seawater Electrolytic Cation Exchange
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