PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 054
The purpose of this section is to describe the chemical and thermodynamic relations governing fuel cells and how operating conditions affect their performance. Understanding the impacts of variables such as temperature, pressure, and gas constituents on performance allows fuel cell developers to optimize their design of the modular units and it allows process engineers to maximize the performance of systems applications. A logical first step in understanding the operation of a fuel cell is to define its ideal performance. Once the ideal performance is determined, losses arising from non-ideal behavior can be calculated and then deducted from the ideal performance to describe the actual operation. 2.1 The Role of Gibbs Free Energy and Nernst Potential The maximum electrical work (Wel) obtainable in a fuel cell operating at constant temperature and pressure is given by the change in Gibbs free energy (∆G) of the electrochemical reaction: (2-1) Wel = ∆G = − nF E where n is the number of electrons participating in the reaction, F is Faraday's constant (96,487 coulombs/g-mole electron), and E is the ideal potential of the cell. The Gibbs free energy change is also given by the following state function: ∆G = ∆H − T∆S (2-2) where ∆H is the enthalpy change and ∆S is the entropy change. The total thermal energy available is ∆H. The available free energy is equal to the enthalpy change less the quantity T∆S which represents the unavailable energy resulting from the entropy change within the system. The amount of heat that is produced by a fuel cell operating reversibly is T∆S. Reactions in fuel cells that have negative entropy change generate heat (such as hydrogen oxidation), while those with positive entropy change (such as direct solid carbon oxidation) may extract heat from their 2-1 2. FUEL CELL PERFORMANCEPDF Image | Fuel Cell Handbook (Seventh Edition)
PDF Search Title:
Fuel Cell Handbook (Seventh Edition)Original File Name Searched:
fuel-cell-handbook.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com | RSS | AMP |