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Table 2-4 Outlet Gas Composition as a Function of Utilization in MCFC at 650°C Gas Utilizationa (%) 0 25 50 75 0.089 0.375 0.033 0.502 0.461 0.231 90 0.033 0.436 0.013 0.519 0.316 0.158 Anodeb XH2 0.645 0.410 0.216 XCO2 0.064 0.139 0.262 XCO 0.130 0.078 0.063 XH2O 0.161 0.378 0.458 Cathodec 0.290 0.273 X CO2 XO2 0.300 0.600 0.581 0.545 a - Same utilization for fuel and oxidant. Gas compositions are given b - 80% H2/20% CO2 saturated with H2O at 25°C. Fuel gas compositions are based on compositions for water gas shift equilibrium. c - 30% O2/60% CO2/10% inert gas. Gas is not representative of a modern system cathode inlet gas, but used for illustrative purposes only. 2.7 Mathematical Models Mathematical models are critical for fuel cell scientists and developers as they can help elucidate the processes within the cells, allow optimization of materials, cells, stacks, and systems, and support control systems. Mathematical models are perhaps more important for fuel cell development than for many other power technologies because of the complexity of fuel cells and fuel cell systems, and because of the difficulty in experimentally characterizing the inner workings of fuel cells. Some of the most important uses of mathematical fuel cell models are: • To help understand the internal physics and chemistry of fuel cells. Because experimental characterization is often difficult (because of physical access limitations and difficulty in controlling test parameters independently), models can help understand the critical processes in cells. • To focus experimental development efforts. Mathematical models can be used to guide experiments and to improve interpolations and extrapolations of data. The rigor of modeling often forces the explicit position of a scientific hypothesis and provides a framework for testing the hypothesis. • To support system design and optimization. Fuel cell systems have so many unit operations and components that system models are critical for effective system design. • To support or form the basis of control algorithms. Because of the complexity of fuel cell systems, several developers have used fully dynamic models of fuel cell systems as the basis for their control algorithms. 2-24 in mole fractions.PDF Image | Fuel Cell Handbook (Seventh Edition)
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