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Fuel Cell Handbook (Seventh Edition)

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Fuel Cell Handbook (Seventh Edition) ( fuel-cell-handbook-seventh-edition )

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Figure 6-15 Performance Data of a 0.37m2 2 kW Internally Reformed MCFC Stack at 650 °C and 1 atm (13) Direct Internal Reforming Catalysts: The anode catalyst is deactivated by the alkali carbonate’s electrolyte-containing environment. Making hardware of a non-wetting metal such as nickel has mitigated electrolyte creepage over the hardware surface towards the catalyst. Presently DIR catalyst deactivation is mainly by the vapor phase alkali species. The deactivation mechanism includes electrolyte-accelerated sintering, pore filling/plugging, and surface coverage. Making hardware of a non-wetting metal such as nickel has mitigated electrolyte creepage over the hardware surface towards the catalyst. Alkali-resistant supports such as magnesium oxide, calcium aluminate, and α-alumina have been investigated to reduce vapor phase alkali species effects. Results show that these supports undergo different degrees of decay. Ruthenium and rhodium-based catalysts are more stable, but are too costly (95, 96) FCE has identified a more active and stable DIR catalyst (high activity supported Ni), projecting a catalyst life exceeding 40,000 hours and pursuing further enhancement of catalyst life. Another approach is to apply a getter-type barrier to trap the volatile alkali species before they reach the catalysts. A porous Ni or a SiC membrane was placed between the cell internal catalyst and the electrolyte-containing components. (37) 6.3 Summary of Equations for MCFC The preceding sections provide parametric performance based on various referenced data at different operating conditions. It is suggested that the following set of equations could be used for performance adjustments unless the reader prefers other data or correlations. Figure 6-16 is provided as reference MCFC performance. 6-34

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