Fuel Cell Handbook (Seventh Edition)

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Fuel Cell Handbook (Seventh Edition) ( fuel-cell-handbook-seventh-edition )

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Effect of Pressure SOFCs, like PAFCs and MCFCs, show enhanced performance by increasing cell pressure. The following equation approximates the effect of pressure on cell performance at 1,000 °C: ∆ Vp (mV) = 59 log P2 (7-8) P1 where P1 and P2 are different cell pressures. The above correlation was based on the assumption that overpotentials are predominately affected by gas pressures and that these overpotentials decrease with increased pressure. Siemens Westinghouse, in conjunction with Ontario Hydro Technologies, tested air electrode supported (AES) cells at pressures up to 15 atmospheres on both hydrogen and natural gas (42). Figure 7-14 illustrates the performance at various pressures: Figure 7-14 Effect of Pressure on AES Cell Performance at 1,000 °C (2.2 cm diameter, 150 cm active length) Effect of Temperature The dependence of SOFC performance on temperature is illustrated in Figure 7-15 for a two-cell stack using air (low utilization) and a fuel of 67 percent H2/22 percent CO/11 percent H2O (low utilization). The sharp decrease in cell voltage as a function of current density at 800 °C is a manifestation of the high ohmic polarization (i.e., low ionic conductivity) of the solid electrolyte at this temperature. The ohmic polarization decreases as the operating temperature increases to 7-22

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