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Figure 8-25 Optimization Flexibility in a Fuel Cell Power System In an MCFC power system, increased pressure can result in increased cathode corrosion. Cathode corrosion is related to the acidity of the cell, which increases with the partial pressure of CO2, and therefore with the cell pressure. Such corrosion is typified by cathode dissolution and nickel precipitation, which can ultimately result in a shorted cell, causing cell failure (1). Thus, the chosen pressure of the MCFC has a direct link to the cell life, economics, and commercial viability. Increasing the pressure in a MCFC system can also increase the likelihood of soot formation and decrease the extent of methane reforming. Both are undesirable. Furthermore, the effect of contaminants on the cell and their removal from a pressurized MCFC system have not been quantified. The increased pressure also will challenge the fuel cell seals (1). The selection of a specific fuel cell pressure will affect numerous design parameters and considerations such as the current collector width, gas flow pattern, pressure vessel size, pipe and insulation size, blower size and design, compressor auxiliary load, and the selection of a bottoming cycle and its operating conditions. These issues do not eliminate the possibility of a pressurized MCFC system, but they do favor the selection of more moderate pressures. For external reforming systems sized near 1 MW, the current practice is a pressurization of 3 atmospheres. The performance of an internal reforming MCFC also would benefit from pressurization, but unfortunately, the increase is accompanied by other problems. One problem that would need to be overcome is the increased potential for poisoning the internal reforming catalyst resulting from the 8-47PDF Image | Fuel Cell Handbook (Seventh Edition)
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