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of heat passed to the bottom cycle is desirable, even at the "cost" of reduced efficiency in a fraction of the fuel cell module. One obstacle for this concept is the uncertainty of fuel cell performance in a high utilization multi-stage concept. No testing has been performed to date utilizing a fuel cell in this manner. The exact loss of performance in the latter stages is not known. The reference document (21) for this multi-stage fuel cell concept did not attempt to specify the number of stages nor the fuel cell performance within each stage. Instead, an average fuel cell performance was assumed. This assumption may or may not represent of how a multi-stage fuel cell will perform. Additional development work of this novel and efficient concept is required. Table 8-19 Operating/Design Parameters for the NG fueled Multi-Stage Fuel Cell System Operating Parameters Volts per Cell (V) Current Density (mA/cm2) Number of Stages Cell Operating Temperature (oC) Value 0.800 unspecified to be determined multiple temps (~650 to 850 oC) 3.3 94.0 percent 81.5 percent 1.5:1 97.0 percent 98.0 percent Cell Outlet Pressure (atm) Overall Fuel Utilization (percent) Overall Oxidant Utilization (percent) Steam to Carbon Ratio DC to AC Inverter efficiency Generator efficiency FuelCellHeatLoss(percentofMWdc) 1.7percent Auxiliary Load 1.0 percent Table 8-20 Overall Performance Summary for the NG fueled Multi-StageFuel Cell System Performance Parameters LHV Thermal Input (MW) Auxiliary Power Net Power Electrical Efficiency (percent LHV) Electrical Efficiency (percent HHV) Heat Rate (Btu/kWh, LHV) Value 4.950 0.040 3.965 80.10 percent 72.29 percent 4,260 Gross Fuel Cell Power (MW) Fuel Cell DC Power Inverter Loss Fuel Cell AC Power 3.579 (0.108) 3.471 Gross AC Power (MW) Fuel Cell AC Power Net Compressor/Expander Gross AC Power 3.471 0.534 4.005 8-65PDF Image | Fuel Cell Handbook (Seventh Edition)
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