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Table 8-25 Performance Calculations for a Pressurized, High Temperature Fuel Cell (SOFC) with a Regenerative Brayton Bottoming Cycle; Approach Delta T=30 oF COMPRESSOR EFF = 0.83 TURB EXPANDER EFF = 0.89 FUEL CELL EFF= 56.9 CYCLE EFF= 82.1 n = number of moles Cp = specific heat Hf = heat of formation at standard conditions So = entropy at standard conditions STREAM# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7Cycle p, PRESSURE, atm T, TEMPERATURE, K 1 1.48 1.48 1.48 1.48 1 1 298 337 1200 1311 1332 1216 352 CH4,n CO, n H2,n CO2,n H2O,n O2,n N2,n 1 1 1 0.07 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.93 1 1 1 0 0 0 1.86 2 2 2 16.23 16.23 16.23 14.37 14.23 14.23 14.23 64.92 64.92 64.92 64.92 64.92 64.92 64.92 SU M (n) SUM (nCp) SU M (nH f) SUM (nSo) GAMMA 82.15 82.15 82.15 82.15 82.15 82.15 82.15 629.72 629.72 629.72 628.97 628.92 628.92 628.92 -17.9 -17.9 -17.9 -196.181 -209.6 -209.6 -209.6 3813.11 3813.11 3813.11 3811.99 3811.91 3811.91 3811.91 1.350 1.351 Q, HEAT, kcal/molCH4 0.0 543.5 0.0 -0.2 0.0 543.5 1086.8 W, WORK, kcal/molCH4 -24.4 0.0 109.1 0.0 72.7 0.0 157.4 The performance of a solid electrolyte fuel cell (SOFC) system (Hirschenhofer et al., 1994) operating with a regenerative Brayton bottoming cycle for heat and fuel recovery has been calculated. Table 8-25 illustrates the results. The work from the fuel cell burning CH4 is assumed to be 60 percent the theoretical maximum; the corresponding fuel cell voltage is 0.63 volts. The efficiencies of the fuel and air compressors are 83 percent; and the expander of the turbine, 89 percent. It is assumed that the cell makes direct use of CH4 fuel, or that oxidation and reforming are coincident; operation of the cell thus provides both the heat and the H2O required for CH4 reforming. Pressure losses in the fuel cell, combustor, recuperative exchanger, and the ducts of the system are ignored. The results of the performance calculations are summarized in Table 8-26. The efficiency of the overall power system, work output divided by the lower heating value (LHV) of the CH4 fuel, is increased from 57 percent for the fuel cell alone to 82 percent for the overall system with a 30 oF difference in the recuperative exchanger and to 76 percent for an 80 oF difference. This regenerative Brayton cycle heat rejection and heat-fuel recovery arrangement is perhaps the simplest approach to heat recovery. It makes minimal demands on fuel cell heat removal and gas turbine arrangements, has minimal number of system components, and makes the most of the inherent high efficiency of the fuel cell. 8-72PDF Image | Fuel Cell Handbook (Seventh Edition)
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