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8.6.2 Projects In 1997, a Program Research and Development Announcement (PRDA) was issued by the Department of Energy for conceptual feasibility studies of high-efficiency fossil power plants (HEFPPs). The terms of the conceptual power plant must be less than 20 MW in size, operate on natural gas and contain a high-temperature fuel cell. By late 1998, DOE awarded contracts to determine the feasibility of the highly efficient hybrid power plants. FCE, of Danbury, CT, teamed with Allison Engine Company to evaluate a carbonate fuel cell combined with a gas turbine and a steam turbine generator. The system was operated at ambient pressure. The net power of the hybrid system was 20.6 MW and the NOX levels were less than 1 ppm. The process showed a 65 percent efficiency with off-the-shelf turbomachinery and 72 percent efficiency with cycle specific machinery. The COE is predicted to be comparable to present day alternatives. Siemens-Westinghouse Power Corporation, of Pittsburgh, PA, with a subcontract to Allison Engine Company, evaluated a pressurized solid oxide fuel cell coupled with conventional gas turbine technology without a steam plant. The system was operated at a pressure of 7 atm. The fuel cell generated 16 MW of power and the gas turbine generated 4 MW of power. The process showed 67 percent efficiency as developed. An efficiency of 70 percent is deemed achievable with improvement in component design. The COE is predicted to be comparable to present day alternatives. NOX levels were less than 1 ppm. McDermott Technology, Inc., of Alliance, OH, developed a conceptual design of a high efficiency power plant system that joins planar solid oxide fuel cell technology with micro- turbine technology in a combined cycle. The system was operated at atmospheric conditions. The power plant had a combined cycle output of 700 kW with the turbine supplying 70 kW. The results indicate 70 percent efficiency is possible and the COE is comparable to present day alternatives. Siemens-Westinghouse Power Corporation, Pittsburgh, PA, and Solar Turbines developed a conceptual design of an economically and technically feasible 20-MW, 70- percent efficient natural gas-fueled power system that employs solid oxide fuel cells operating at elevated pressure in conjunction with an Advanced Turbine System gas turbine. The fuel cell, operated at 9 atm pressure, generated 11 MW of power. Two Solar Mercury 50 gas turbines were used to generate 9 MW of power. The results of the study indicated system efficiency near 60 percent. A low COE relative to conventional power generation is predicted. In March of 1999, FCE, of Danbury, CT, with Allison Engine Company, Indianapolis, IN, and Capstone Turbine Corp., Woodland Hills, CA. was awarded a project to create a fuel cell/turbine system that meet or exceed DOE’s efficiencies and emissions goals. The 3-year program will include four steps: • Development of a high-utilization fuel cell, • Development of key system components, • Tests of the fuel cell/hybrid system to assess integration and system operation of an existing 250-kilowatt fuel cell stack with a commercially available micro-turbine, and • Preparation of a conceptual design of a 40 MW ultra-high efficiency power plant. 8-92PDF Image | Fuel Cell Handbook (Seventh Edition)
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