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(d) Per the overall fuel cell reaction above, the water generated is equal to the moles of hydrogen consumed nH Ogenerated =nH consumed =55.01lbmolH2 2 2 hr (e) The composition of the effluent is developed in the table below, by working from the left to right. The composition is determined by converting the composition to moles, accounting for the fuel cell reaction, and converting back to the desired units, mol percent. (Note: mol percent is essentially equivalent to volume percent for low pressure gases.) Spent Fuel Effluent Calculation mol percent Gas FC inlet CH4 4.0 CO 0.4 CO2 17.6 H2 75.0 H2O 3.0 Total 100.0 lb mol/hr FC reaction 11.27 1.13 49.58 29.58 2.56 8.45 -55.01 30.28 100.00 FC inlet 3.41 0.34 15.01 63.97 2.56 85.29 FC outlet 3.41 mol percent FC outlet 0.34 15.01 -55.01 8.96 In the PAFC, only the moles of hydrogen change on the anode (fuel) side of the fuel cell. The other fuel gas constituents simply pass through to the anode exit. These inert gases act to dilute the hydrogen, and as such will lower the cell voltage. Thus, it is always desirable to minimize these diluents as much as possible. For example, to reform natural gas, significant quantities of steam are typically added to maximize the reforming reactions. The wet reformer effluent would commonly have a water composition of 30 to 50 percent. The reformate gas utilized in this example has been “dried” to only 3 percent moisture via condensation in a contact cooler. The spent oxidant composition is calculated in a similar manner. Note that in both the PAFC and PEFC, the water is generated on the cathode (air) side. This can be seen from the cathode reaction listed below and the following table listing the fuel cell reaction quantities. 1⁄2O2 +2H+ +2e-→H2O mol percent Gas FC inlet Spent Air Effluent Calculation FC inlet lb mol/hr FC reaction FC outlet 55.01 56.90 147.82 -27.51 11.79 27.51 216.51 mol percent FC outlet 26.28 68.27 5.44 100.00 H2O 1.00 1.89 N2 78.21 147.82 O2 20.79 39.30 Total 100.00 189.01 9-5PDF Image | Fuel Cell Handbook (Seventh Edition)
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