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In early 2002, the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy organized into eleven Program Offices. These offices include: 1. Solar 2. Wind and Hydropower 3. Geothermal 4. Distributed Energy, Electricity, Infrastructure, and Reliability 5. Biomass 6. Industrial Technologies 7. FreedomCAR & Vehicle Technologies 8. Hydrogen, Fuel Cells and Infrastructure Technologies 9. Building Technologies 10. Weatherization and Intergovernmental Grants 11. Federal Energy Management Programs EERE’s fuel cell research is focused on low temperature fuel cells for transportation applications and distributed energy systems. A short summary of the activities conducted in the focus areas follows: • Transportation Systems: Conduct R&D and analysis activities that address key barriers, including cost and reliability, to fuel cell systems for transportation applications. Activities support the development of individual component technology critical to systems integration, as well as systems-level modeling activities that guide R&D activities, benchmark systems progress, and explore alternate systems configurations on a cost-effective basis. • Distributed Energy Systems: Develop high-efficiency polymer electrolyte fuel cell power systems as an alternative power source to grid-based electricity for buildings and other stationary applications. Activities focus on overcoming the barriers to stationary fuel cell systems, including cost, durability, heat utilization, startup time, and managing power transients and load-following requirements. • Fuel Processing: Develop onboard fuel processors as an alternative to the direct hydrogen approach for transportation and stationary applications. • Stack Components: In collaboration with partners, research and develop technologies to overcome the most critical technical hurdles for polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack components for both stationary and transportation applications. Critical technical hurdles include cost, durability, efficiency, and overall performance of components such as the proton exchange membranes, oxygen reduction electrodes, advanced catalysts, bipolar plates, etc. • Technology Validation: Validate component R&D in a systems-context under real-world operating conditions to quantify the performance and reliability, document any problem areas, and provide valuable information to researchers to help refine and direct future R&D activities related to fuel cell vehicles. DOE’s Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) develops fuel cell technologies with an emphasis on the polymer electrolyte fuel cell for both stationary and transportation applications. In general, PEFC technology, a low temperature fuel cell system, has attractive performance characteristics for smaller-scale systems, while the high temperature systems developed under the Fossil Energy program are most attractive in larger sized systems. The FreedomCAR partnership between DOE and USCAR (a pre-competitive research 10-37PDF Image | Fuel Cell Handbook (Seventh Edition)
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