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3.5 Mordenite/Nafion Binding Layer...................................................................105 3.5.1 Binding Layer Weight Requirement ....................................................... 106 3.5.2 Mordenite Physical Treatment ................................................................ 106 3.5.3 Protonation of Mordenite ........................................................................ 107 3.5.4 Silylation of Mordenite ........................................................................... 108 3.5.5 Functionalized Mordenite Modified Binding Layer ............................... 110 3.5.6 Protonation of Mordenite ........................................................................ 112 3.5.7 Silylation of Mordenite ........................................................................... 113 3.5.8 Mordenite Binding Layer ........................................................................ 114 3.5.9 Effect of Silane Coupling Agents on Mordenite Surface .......................114 3.6 Sulfonation of Mordenite ...............................................................................116 3.6.1 Sulfonated Mordenite Modified Binding Layer......................................117 3.7 Graphene Oxide..............................................................................................121 3.7.1 Preparation of Graphene Oxide...............................................................122 3.7.2 Exfoliation of Graphene Oxide ............................................................... 123 3.7.3 Graphene Oxide/Nafion Modified Binding Layer .................................. 124 3.8 Summary ........................................................................................................125 RESULTS CHAPTER 1- EFFECT OF VARYING TEMPERATURE 40°C, 50°C, 60°C, AND 70°C ................................................................................... 127 4.1 Introduction .................................................................................................... 127 4.2 Standard Membrane Electrode Assembly of DMFC .....................................127 4.3 Effect of Varying Temperature on Standard MEA in DMFC........................129 4.4 Effect of Varying Temperature on Mordenite Modified Binding Layer MEA in DMFC........................................................................................................................130 4.4.1 Modified Mordenite Binding Layer MEA .............................................. 131 4.4.2 Effect of Varying Mordenite Weight Percentage in Modified Binding Layer ................................................................................................................. 132 4.4.3 Optimal DMFC Operating Temperature Using F-MOR MEA...............135 4.5 Effect of Varying Temperature on SULFO-MOR Modified Binding Layer MEA in DMFC..........................................................................................................137 4.5.1 Effect of Varying SULFO-MOR Weight Percent Modified Binding Layer MEA in DMFC ...................................................................................................... 137 4.5.2 Optimal DMFC Operating Temperature Using SULFO-MOR MEA .... 139 4.6 Effect of Varying Temperature on GO Modified Binding Layer MEA in DMFC........................................................................................................................140 4 Sirhan AL-Batty Page 4PDF Image | Membrane Electrode Assembly Modification by Zeolite and Graphene Oxide
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