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Anode side πΆπ»3ππ» + π»2π β 6π»+ + 6πβ + πΆπ2 Cathode side 112π2 + 6π»+ + 6πβ β 3π»2π Overall reaction in the DMFC πΆπ»3ππ» + 112π2 β 2π»2π + πΆπ2 (1.21) (1.22) (1.23) Background 1.7 Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC) Direct-methanol fuel cells or DMFCs are proton-exchange fuel cells in which methanol are used as the fuel. The DMFC consists of a collector, channels (flow field) a diffusion layer (DL), and a catalyst layer (CL) on the anode and the cathode sides plus polymer-electrolyte membrane (PEM). The diffusion layer (100ΞΌm-300ΞΌm) which is made of carbon cloth or paper which distributes the reactant over the surface of the catalyst layers and provides connection between the catalyst layer and the current collector [18]. The catalyst layers are made of Pt (cathode catalyst) and Pt/Ru (anode catalyst on a carbon support. The fuel cell works by converting the chemical energy which is stored in the fuel into electrical energy. At the anode side, the fuel (methanol and water) react and split into hydrogen ions, electrons and carbon dioxide. The hydrogen ions can pass through the membrane, leaving the electrons on the anode which produces the electrical current through an external circuit. On the cathode side, the electrons which migrated from the anode are recombined with the hydrogen ions and oxygen (usually air) to produce water. All of these steps are similar to proton- exchange fuel cells [19, 20]. The following equations show anode and cathode cell reactions: Sirhan AL-Batty Page 37PDF Image | Membrane Electrode Assembly Modification by Zeolite and Graphene Oxide
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