PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 009
292 A K Sahu et al 1070 cm–1 corresponding to P–O stretching vibration. The broad peak at 2373 cm–1 corresponds to the P–O–H stretching vibration and the other broad band at around 3435 cm–1 is attributed to asymmetric OH-stretching of water molecule while the weak peak at 1640 cm–1 indi- cates the bending of water molecule. The peak at 749 cm–1 indicates P–O–P symmetric stretching. Figure 10 depicts the polarization curves for the PEFCs with Nafion-MZP composite membranes and commercial Nafion-1135 membrane under ~ 100% RH at 70°C. PEFCs containingNafion-MZPcompositemembraneswithvary- ing MZP content show better performance than the PEFC with pristine-Nafion membrane. Maximum proton con- ductivity with the composite membrane is attained at an intermediate loading of MZP. Peak power density of 725 mW cm–2 is achieved for the PEFC with Nafion-MZP (5 wt.%) composite membrane in relation to 655 mW cm–2 for the PEFC with Nafion-1135 membrane operating under identical conditions. Accordingly, it appears that the presence of MZP as a surface functionalized solid super-acid proton conducting medium in the Nafion matrix assists the Nafion-MZP composite membrane to achieve higher proton conductivity in relation to pristine-Nafion membrane. Polarization data for PEFCs with Nafion-1135 and Nafion–MZP composite membranes under near-dry con- dition (~18% RH) are shown in figure 11. At these RH values, PEFCs with pristine Nafion-1135 membranes yield a peak power-density of only about 224 mW cm–2 at 500 mA cm–2, primarily due to the poor conductivity of the Nafion membrane. By contrast, under identical condi- tions, PEFCs employing Nafion–MZP composite mem- branes perform much better. The performance of PEFCs with Nafion–MZP composite membranes increases gradu- ally with increasing MZP content in the Nafion matrix. A peak power-density of 353 mW cm–2 is achieved at 1100 mA cm–2 for the PEFC employing a Nafion–MZP composite membrane with 5 wt.% MZP while operating at 70°C under atmospheric pressure. Nafion–inorganic composite membranes exhibit lower resistance and hence PEFCs with such membranes sustain higher load current-densities particularly under low rela- tive humidity conditions in relation to the pristine-Nafion membranes. This provides an alternative route to fabri- cate composite membranes with filler particles that absorb water and act as a water reservoir to keep the membrane wet even at low relative humidity values. These mem- branes help PEFCs to sustain periods of inlet-stream draught without excessive loss in membrane conductivity. Consequently, the humidification exigencies for PEFCs in an operating system are mitigated, which helps cutting system complexity and hence its cost. Figure 11. Performance of a H2/O2 PEFC employing Nafion- 1135 and Nafion–MZP composite membranes at 18% RH at 70°C under atmospheric pressure. FTIR spectrum for MZP powder. Performance of a H2/O2 PEFC employing Nafion- 1135 and Nafion–MZP composite membranes at 100% RH at 70°C under atmospheric pressure. Figure 9. Figure 10.PDF Image | Nafion and modified-Nafion membranes for polymer fuel cells
PDF Search Title:
Nafion and modified-Nafion membranes for polymer fuel cellsOriginal File Name Searched:
285.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)