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Next, find the mass and volume of the FC system. This will be the same for both types of hydrogen because both can power a fuel cell.24 Using Equation 2.7 and Equation 2.8, solve for mass and volume using the vesselβs installed power (MCR). The total hydrogen and fuel cell system mass is found by adding the tank mass to the fuel cell system mass. Total volume is found the same way. 3.1.2. Battery System Mass and Volume Calculating the mass and volume of the battery system is similar to the calculation for the fuel system, but Equation 2.9 and Equation 2.10 are used instead. The total energy of the installed battery system will more than required by the voyage because of the depth of discharge factor as described in Section 2.2.3. Depth of discharge will be set at 50% (0.50).25 The installed energy then becomes: πΈπΈππππππππππ ππππππππππππ ππππππ ππππππππππππ [ππππh] Equation 3.8: Step 4B 0.50 π΅π΅ππππππππππππ πΈπΈππππππππππ [ππππh] = Using the value of Battery Energy for the Energy term in Equation 2.9 and Equation 2.10 estimates the total mass and volume of the battery system. 3.1.3. Maximum Available On-board Mass and Volume Once system mass and volume are known the next step is to determine if the ship has sufficient available mass and volume to accommodate it. This is done by finding the combined mass and volume is currently attributed to each vesselβs conventional fossil fuel engine and fuel tanks. No attempt to redesign the vessel is made in this study. While the method is simple, it requires information that is not available in the open literature. Consultation with the vessel designer, builder, or operator may reveal this information but the effort to do so was not consistent with the scope of this project. Therefore, what information was available for some ships was used to find trends of volume and displacement among ship types, and then applied to those ships where data were not available. Engine mass and volume was determined from manufacturer specifications for the ships where the make and model were known. More generic engine data from MTU, MAN, and Wartsila were used to develop trendline relationships between power and mass and volume, which are presented in Figure 3.1 and Figure 3.2. So in cases where engine data were not known, these trends were used to estimate the engine mass and volume by using the MCR of the ship. 24 Assumes that both LH2 and 5000-psi hydrogen power FCs in the same way, only difference is the container for the storage of the fuel. 25 Ayers, Will. βComparative Payback of Lithium-Ion Batteries for Pacific NW Ferries.β Elliott Bay Design Group, 2016. 33PDF Image | Regenerative Fuel Cell
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