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surface modification process explained in the methods. A possible explanation for the partial transfer could be because of the elastic deformation of the Nafion membrane. This deformation is recovered when the stress (force of the press during the hot pressing for surface modification) is removed. Inherent Objective Characteristics While measuring the molds with the Olympus LEXT3100 scanning laser confocal microscope, it became apparent using different objective lenses to measure the same object would likely yield different area-scale results. Some confocal measurement images (Fig. 3) obtained from the LEXT3100 had regions of large and small spikes on the surface which were not identified when using the optical white light setting. The optical white light setting is when the microscope uses light instead of a laser to display a real color image (2 dimensional only). Through further investigation this correlation was tested using measurements from the T3 mold. Measurements of the T3 mold were taken using the 20x objective lens and the 100x objective lens (Fig. 3). In theory the area-scale analysis of the same surface should be the same regardless of the magnification. Conducting an area-scale analysis on these measurements (Fig. 4) proved there is a significantly large difference in the relative areas using the different objective lenses. Therefore in order for a comparison of measurements from the Olympus LEXT3100 to be valid, both measurements must be taken while using the same objective lens. This observation was minded for all subsequent area-scale analyses. Discrimination – Nafion For preliminary testing, the modified Nafion membranes with the two extreme most cases were selected to be tested in the fuel cell. The two most extreme cases were determined to be membranes modified using molds G1 (lowest relative area) and T3 (highest relative area). Simply by observing the area scale-analysis (Fig. 5) of the two surfaces one cannot observe a 25PDF Image | surface roughness of the Nafion membrane in a PEM fuel cell
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