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The Future of Hydrogen Chapter 2: Producing hydrogen and hydrogen-based products of scale in the manufacturing processes (for example by the development of larger electrolysers). Figure 11 illustrates the potential for cost reduction in current alkaline and PEM electrolysers from switching to larger multi-stack systems (combining several electrolyser stacks to increase the overall capacity of the electrolyser system). Figure 11. Expected reduction in electrolyser CAPEX from the use of multi-stack systems Notes: Based on a single stack size of 2 MW for alkaline electrolysis and 0.7 MW for PEM electrolysis. Source: Based on analysis supported by Task 38 of the IEA Hydrogen Technology Collaboration Programme and published in Proost (2018), “State-of-the art CAPEX data for water electrolysers, and their impact on renewable hydrogen price settings”. Scaled-up electrolysers and automated production processes are leading to significant CAPEX reductions. Figure 12. Future levelised cost of hydrogen production by operating hour for different electrolyser investment costs (left) and electricity costs (right) Electricity price USD 40/MWh CAPEX USD 450/kWe 10 88 USD 650/kWe 6 USD 550/kWe 6 USD 450/kWe 10 4 2 USD 250/kWe 2 USD 100/MWh USD 80/MWh USD 60/MWh USD 40/MWh USD 20/MWh USD 0/MWh 4 USD 350/kWe 00 0 2 000 4 000 6 000 8 000 0 Full load hours 2 000 Full load hours 8 000 Notes: MWh = megawatt hour. Based on an electrolyser efficiency of 69% (LHV) and a discount rate of 8%. Source: IEA 2019. All rights reserved. With increasing full load hours, the impact of CAPEX on hydrogen costs declines and the electricity becomes the main cost component for water electrolysis. 4 000 6 000 PAGE | 47 IEA. All rights reserved. USD/kgH2PDF Image | The Future of Hydrogen 2019
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