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Facile Synthesis of Yolk/Core-Shell Structured TS-1@Mesosilica Composites for Enhanced Hydroxylation of Phenol Houbing Zou, Qingli Sun, Dongyu Fan, Weiwei Fu, Lijia Liu and Runwei Wang Abstract: In the current work, we developed a facile synthesis of yolk/core-shell structured TS-1@mesosilica composites and studied their catalytic performances in the hydroxylation of phenol with H2O2 as the oxidant. The core-shell TS-1@mesosilica composites were prepared via a uniform coating process, while the yolk-shell TS-1@mesosilica composite was prepared using a resorcinol-formaldehyde resin (RF) middle-layer as the sacrificial template. The obtained materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 sorption, Fourier transform infrared spectoscopy (FT-IR) UV-Visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The characterization results showed that these samples possessed highly uniform yolk/core-shell structures, high surface area (560–700 m2 g−1) and hierarchical pore structures from oriented mesochannels to zeolite micropores. Importantly, owing to their unique structural properties, these composites exhibited enhanced activity, and also selectivity in the phenol hydroxylation reaction. 1. Introduction Hydroxylation of phenol with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as oxidant has been widely applied for the production of two useful compounds, viz. catechol and hydroquinone [1,2]. Catechol is used as agrichemical, and in the synthesis of aromatic compounds, whereas hydroquinone is used as an antioxidant in elastics pigment. Various homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts have been developed to achieve hydroxylation, including Fenton’s reagent [3], Fe-containing molecular sieves [4–7], Cu-containing materials [8], and Ti-containing porous materials [9–14]. Among these functional materials, TS-1 zeolite is one of the most efficient solid catalysts with high activity and selectivity coupled with environmentally benign catalytic performance [13,14]. However, the small pores in this zeolite make the diffusion of substrate and products through the channel difficult, thereby leading to limited catalytic performance. Therefore, many studies were directed toward improving the accessibility of the active sites in TS-1 catalysts. To this end, introduction of Reprinted from Catalysts. Cite as: Zou, H.; Sun, Q.; Fan, D.; Fu, W.; Liu, L.; Wang, R. Facile Synthesis of Yolk/Core-Shell Structured TS-1@Mesosilica Composites for Enhanced Hydroxylation of Phenol. Catalysts 2015, 5, 2134–2146. 140PDF Image | Zeolite Catalysis
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