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increased the photocatalytic activity for NO removal by decreasing the amount of water adsorbed in the zeolite pores. Furthermore, the PCO of NO over TiO2 mixed mechanically with zeolite A in a mass ratio of 7:3 showed a higher photocatalytic activity compared to bare TiO2 [32]. The combination of TiO2 with zeolites in sheets using paper-making techniques leads to effective photocatalysts for the removal of volatile organic compounds [33,34]. Takeuchi et al. [35] reported a high activity for the photooxidation of gaseous acetaldehyde using TiO2/ZSM-5 catalysts synthesized by a simple impregnation. Jansson et al. [36] studied the photodegradation of formaldehyde and trichloroethylene over composites of TiO2 and the zeolites Y and ZSM-5 with different nSi/nAl ratios prepared using incipient wetness impregnation of the zeolite with an acidic TiO2 sol. Applying a composite of zeolite ZSM-5 loaded with as little as 8 wt.% of TiO2 resulted in a significant increase of photodegradation of formaldehyde and trichloroethylene among the other composites and pure TiO2. In addition, the role of zeolite H-beta in composites with TiO2 in the photocatalytic degradation of an aqueous propoxur solution was shown to rely on concentrating the reactants and intermediates within its cavities and a subsequent and continuous supply to the TiO2 surface [28]. It was, therefore, the aim of this work to study composites of TiO2 and zeolite ZSM-5 over a broad range of mass ratios for the photocatalytic oxidation of NO with respect to the activity of pure TiO2 and pure zeolite ZSM-5. In order to establish application relevant conditions, humid air streams containing NO and a flatbed reactor following a standard testing procedure according to ISO 22197-1 [37] were used. A particular goal of this study was to understand the role of the local proximity of the zeolite and the TiO2 components within the composites at different mass ratios of zeolite and TiO2. Therefore, the composites were prepared by different methods, i.e., solid-state dispersion, sol-gel synthesis of TiO2 in the presence of zeolite powder and by mechanical mixing. The stability of the composite photocatalysts over an extended operation time of 24 h was also in the focus of this study. Furthermore, it was investigated if the photocatalytic activity can be improved by varying the calcination temperature of the composites and, thus, the crystallite size of the TiO2 and the zeolite surface hydrophobicity, respectively. 2. ResultsandDiscussion 2.1. Characterization of the Composite Photocatalysts The powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the TiO2 materials P25, from sol-gel synthesis and Hombikat are shown in Figure 1a. For TiO2 from sol-gel synthesis and Hombikat, the reflexes of anatase as the predominant crystalline phase are observed at 2θ = 25.4 ̋, 37.8 ̋, 48.1 ̋, 55.1 ̋ and 62.7 ̋ [38,39]. In addition to the 156PDF Image | Zeolite Catalysis
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