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well-dispersed on zeolite surface, while Hombikat particles were agglomerated over zeolite surface as confirmed by SEM images. Figure 4. Diffuse reflectance UV-Vis absorption spectra of TiO2 from sol-gel synthesis, Hombikat, and the composites TZSG (50/50), HZSSD (50/50) and HZMM (50/50). 2.2. Photocatalytic Activity The conversion of NO (XNO) and of NOx (XNOx ), the selectivity for NO2 (SNO2 ), the amount of NO removed (ZNOq, the amount of NO2 formed pZNO2 q, and the net amount NOx removed pZNOx q in the photooxidation of NO over the TiO2 materials and the composites are shown in Table 1. In the presence of the TiO2-containing photocatalysts, i.e., P25, TiO2 from sol-gel synthesis or Hombikat, a higher NO conversion, but also a higher NO2 selectivity than, for most of the composites are observed. Note that in the presence of only zeolite ZSM-5, no NO is converted. In addition, the dilution of the TiO2 with sea sand results in only a slightly reduced NO conversion, while the selectivity for NO2 remains high. During the photocatalytic experiment, the concentration of NO increases slightly and approaches a steady state for the TiO2-based catalysts (Figure 5a–c). However, the NO2 concentration increases continuously in parallel with the NOx concentration, especially pronounced for the TiO2 from sol-gel synthesis (Figure 5c). This point at a deactivation of the catalysts, most likely caused by deposition of NO3 ́ in the form of nitric acid and a blocking of photocatalytically active sites [9,22]. This is also consistent with the NO3 ́ found on the catalyst after the photocatalytic conversion (Table 2). With ongoing deactivation, NO is, then, not oxidized to the desired NO3 ́ or NO2 ́, but rather preferably to NO2. 162PDF Image | Zeolite Catalysis
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