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sol-gel method. Before calcination, the dried powder was divided equally into five parts. Each of them was calcined at different temperatures from 423 to 823 K in air for 6 h. 3.2.3. Mechanical Mixture For comparison, zeolite ZSM-5 (1.25, 2.50 or 3.75 g) and Hombikat (3.75, 2.50 or 1.25 g) were mixed in an agate pestle and mortar and ground to a fine powder followed by calcination at 523 K in air for 6 h. The obtained mixtures are denoted as HZMM indicating the preparation by mechanical mixing of Hombikat and zeolite ZSM-5. The mass fractions of Hombikat to ZSM-5 were maintained as in the solid-state dispersion and the sol-gel synthesis, i.e., 25/75, 50/50 and 75/25, respectively. 3.3. Characterization of Photocatalysts A micromeritics (Norcross, GA, USA) model ASAP2010 physisorption analyzer was used to record N2-sorption isotherms at 77 K for the calcined materials. The samples were pre-treated at 523 K under the vacuum (3ˆ10 ́11 MPa) for 6 h. The specific surface area ABET was determined by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) model. The specific pore volume was estimated at the point P/P0 = 0.995, and the average pore width was calculated by the BJH model from the desorption branch of the isotherm. For characterization of the micropore volume according to the t-plot method, the pressure range of P/P0 = 0.35–0.5 was considered. Powder XRD patterns were taken at room temperature using a Siemens D5000 diffractometer (Karlsruhe, Germany) using Cu-Kα radiation (λ = 0.154 nm) in the 2θ-range of 4 ̋ and 90 ̋ with a step size of 0.02 ̋ and a counting time of 0.2 s for phase identification. Selected samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) using E-O-GmbH CamScan CS44 (Dortmund, Germany) operated at an accelerating voltage of 10 kV. Prior to analysis, the samples were grinded into a powder, mounted on SEM stubs using a carbon tape and then sputter-coated with a thin layer of gold to avoid charging during the microscopic measurement. Diffuse reflectance UV-Vis absorption measurements were performed on a Lambda 650 instrument (LabSphere, North Sutton, NH, USA) of Perkin-Elmer. After grinding of the samples into fine powders, a thin layer was placed in a sample holder. All samples were measured within the range 200–800 nm. The reflected light was collected by a universal reflectance sphere for all wavelengths. 3.4. Photocatalytic Experiments The photocatalytic experiments were carried out following the standard procedure based on ISO 22197-1 [37]. The experimental setup consists of a flat-bed 169PDF Image | Zeolite Catalysis
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