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that no NO photolysis occurs in the absence of any catalyst, i.e., in the empty reactor with UV light irradiation for 3 h. In order to determine the amount of NO2 ́ and NO3 ́ anions on the sample surface after the photocatalytic experiments, selected samples were immersed in 25 cm3 deionized water and the obtained aqueous solution was analyzed in an ion chromatograph (IC); (dionex, Sunnyvale, CA, USA). The conversion of NO pXNOq, Conversion of NOx (XNOx ), the selectivity for NO2pSNO2 q, the amount of NO removed (ZNO/μmol ̈ m ́2 ̈ h ́1), the amount of NO2 formed pZNO2 {μmol ̈ m ́2 ̈ h ́1), and the net amount NOx removed pZNOx {μmol ̈ m ́2 ̈ h ́1) were calculated according to the following equations [37,50]: “ ppCNO,in ́ CNO,outq {CNO,inq 100%, (1) “ ppCNOx,in ́ CNOx,outq {CNOx,inq 100%, (2) ` ̆ 0 ż 24 24 h of irradiation time; t is the irradiation time in min; f is the overall volumetric flow rate in dm3 ̈ min ́1; A is the irradiated surface area in m2; 22.4 dm3 ̈ mol ́1 is the molar volume of an ideal gas at the standard state. The mass balance for NOx was closed within ̆10%. The reported conversion, selectivity and Z-values are accurate within an experimental error of ̆4%. 4. Conclusions Composites of TiO2 from different sources such as Hombikat, P25, or from sol-gel synthesis, with crystalline zeolites such as ZSM-5 can be readily prepared over the complete range of mass fractions by mechanical mixing or solid-state dispersion. No apparent difference in the textural, morphological or optical properties in the composites from the two preparation techniques were observed for TiO2/ZSM-5 composites. A significantly more homogeneous distribution of small TiO2 particles covering the outer surface of the zeolite ZSM-5 crystals was achieved by sol-gel synthesis of TiO2 in the presence of the zeolite crystals. This results in an intimate contact of both components in the composites. At higher mass fractions of the TiO2, ZNO ZNO2 SNO2 “ pp f {22.4 dm3 ̈ mol ́1q XNO XNOx “ CNO2 ,out {pCNO,in ́ CNO,out q 100%, (3) ż 24 pCNO,in ́ CNO,outq dtq{A t, (4) ` ̆ 3 ́1 “ppf{22.4dm ̈mol dtq{At, (5) (6) CNO2,out ́CNO2,in where Cin and Cin are the inlet concentrations of NO and NO2, Cout and Cout q ZNOx “ pZNO ́ ZNO2 q, NO NO2 NO NO2 are the outlet concentration and calculated as the average outlet concentration over 171 0PDF Image | Zeolite Catalysis
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