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the hierarchical ZSM-5 hollow fibers electrospun by the as-prepared Nano-ZSM-5 were also investigated. From Figure 8, it can be seen that with increasing the reaction temperature, the conversion of n-butane increases on all catalysts. Among the four catalysts, Ga2O3/ZSM-5 hollow fibers exihits the best catalytic reactivity in the whole temperature range. At the temperature of 575 ̋C the conversion of n-butane is almost 100%. Similar phenomenon is also reflected in the yield of C2=, C3=, C4= plus BTX. When the reaction temperatures are lower than 650 ̋C, the yield of C2=, C3=, C4= plus BTX on the four catalysts follows the order of Ga2O3/ZSM-5 hollow fibers > Ga2O3/ZSM-5 > ZSM-5 hollow fibers > Nano-ZSM-5. According to the catalytic behavior of four catalysts, specifically, compared with Nano-ZSM-5 and ZSM-5 hollow fibers, the catalytic performances of Ga2O3/ZSM-5 and Ga2O3/ZSM-5 hollow fibers are enhanced, respectively, indicating that the introduction of Ga2O3 is beneficial to the dehydrogenation of n-butane and thus promotes the catalytic activity of the catalysts efficiently. Meanwhile, in comparison with the present Nano-ZSM-5 and Ga2O3/ZSM-5 as well as magnesium-containing HZSM-5 reported in the literature [15], the catalytic reactivities of hollow fibers of both ZSM-5 and Ga2O3/ZSM-5 are improved, indicating that the hierarchical pore structure of hollow fibers contributes to enhancing the whole catalytic performance. There exists a synergistic effect between Ga2O3/ZSM-5 (or ZSM-5) and the hierarchical porosity of the hollow fibers. The unique hierarchical macro-meso-microporosity structure of the as-prepared hollow fibers can effectively enhance the accessibility of the feedstock to catalytic active sites and facilitates the mass transfer of targeted products, including ethene, propylene, aromatics, etc. Thus, the secondary reactions of ethene and propene as well as the carbon deposition could be hindered [12]. Ga2O3/ZSM-5 hollow fibers, which effectively combine the cracking function of ZSM-5, the hierarchical macro-meso-microporosity of hollow fibers, and the dehydrogenation of Ga2O3, show the best catalytic behavior among the four catalysts, with the highest yield of C2=, C3=, C4= plus BTX at 600 ̋C by 87.6%, which is 56.3%, 24.6%, and 13.3% higher than ZSM-5, ZSM-5 zeolite fibers, and 0.3% Ga2O3/ZSM-5, respectively. The stability results of Ga2O3/ZSM-5 hollow fibers show that the catalytic activity of the catalyst decreases with time on stream, and carbon deposition is the cause of catalyst deactivation since the activity of the Ga2O3/ZSM-5 hollow fibers was fully recovered after regeneration (Figures S1–S3). 186PDF Image | Zeolite Catalysis
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