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Catalytic Cracking of Triglyceride-Rich Biomass toward Lower Olefins over a Nano-ZSM-5/SBA-15 Analog Composite Xuan Hoan Vu, Sura Nguyen, Tung Thanh Dang, Binh Minh Quoc Phan, Duc Anh Nguyen, Udo Armbruster and Andreas Martin Abstract: The catalytic cracking of triglyceride-rich biomass toward C2–C4 olefins was evaluated over a hierarchically textured nano-ZSM-5/SBA-15 analog composite (ZSC-24) under fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) conditions. The experiments were performed on a fully automated Single-Receiver Short-Contact-Time Microactivity Test unit (SR-SCT-MAT, Grace Davison) at 550 ◦C and different catalyst-to-oil mass ratios (0–1.2 g·g−1). The ZSC-24 catalyst is very effective for transformation of triglycerides to valuable hydrocarbons, particularly lower olefins. The selectivity to C2–C4 olefins is remarkably high (>90%) throughout the investigated catalyst-to-oil ratio range. The superior catalytic performance of the ZSC-24 catalyst can be attributed to the combination of its medium acid site amount and improved molecular transport provided by the bimodal pore system, which effectively suppresses the secondary reactions of primarily formed lower olefins. 1. Introduction Lower olefins, also known as light olefins (ethene, propene, and butenes), are important feedstock for the production of valuable polymers and chemicals such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), and ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE). The major fraction of produced lower olefins currently stems from petroleum feedstock [1,2], and the increasing demand along with the oil depletion has led to an increased interest in production of those olefins from renewable feedstock such as biomass [3]. In this respect, the processing of triglyceride-rich biomass by fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) units in petroleum refineries represents a promising option for the future to produce renewable liquid fuels and lower olefins [4,5]. The utilization of the existing refining infrastructure and configuration for the conversion of triglyceride-rich biomass would require little additional capital investment. However, the yields of gasoline and lower olefins decrease sharply when cracking highly unsaturated triglyceride feedstock Reprinted from Catalysts. Cite as: Vu, X.H.; Nguyen, S.; Dang, T.T.; Phan, B.M.Q.; Nguyen, D.A.; Armbruster, U.; Martin, A. Catalytic Cracking of Triglyceride-Rich Biomass toward Lower Olefins over a Nano-ZSM-5/SBA-15 Analog Composite. Catalysts 2015, 5, 1692–1703. 193PDF Image | Zeolite Catalysis
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