PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 216
3. ExperimentalSection 3.1. Catalyst Preparation The representative nano-ZSM-5/SBA-15 analog composite, pre-crystallized for 24 h (denoted as ZSC-24), was prepared according to the synthesis procedure as reported in the previous work [14]. Briefly, the zeolite seed solution was pre-crystallized for 24 h to partially form nano-ZSM-5 crystals and then added to the surfactant solution to convert unreacted precursors into an ordered mesoporous SBA-15 analog. Finally, the resulting nano-ZSM-5/SBA-15 analog composite (ZSC-24) was activated by protonation. For comparison, Al-SBA-15 was prepared under the same conditions as for synthesis of ZSC-24, but using conventional silica-based precursors instead of pre-formed seeds. Additionally, commercial H-ZSM-5 (Zeocat PZ-2/25, ZeoChem AG, Uetikon am See, Switzerland) was used to provide a benchmark. All catalyst samples used in this study were fresh since they provide a better understanding of structure, property, and function relationships. 3.2. Catalyst and Feedstock Characterization The nitrogen physisorption studies were carried out at −196 ◦C with an ASAP 2010 apparatus (Micromeritics GmbH, Aachen, Germany). The temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia (NH3-TPD) measurements using TCD detector (TCD, GOW-MAC Instrument Co., Bethlehem, PA, USA) were performed in a homemade set-up using a quartz tube reactor in the range of 100–550 ◦C. The Al and Si contents were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES; 715-ES, Varian, Inc., Palo Alto, PA, USA) and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS; Analyst 300, PerkinElmer, Inc., Waltham, MA, USA), respectively. More details of these characterization methods and experiment parameters are described elsewhere [14,20]. The fatty acid compositions of technical grade triolein (obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc, Heidelberg, Germany) and waste cooking oil (collected from a local restaurant) were analyzed on a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combination (GC-MS; QP2010S, Shimadzu Europa GmbH, Duisburg, Germany). For this purpose, a derivatization was carried out with trimethylsulfonium hydroxide solution (0.25 M in methanol, Fluka, Sigma-Aldrich Chemie GmbH, Taufkirchen, Germany) to transform triglycerides completely into methyl esters. The C, H, N elemental analysis of triolein and WCO was performed on a TruSpec CHNS Micro analyser (Leco Instrumente GmbH, Mönchengladbach, Germany). 3.3. Catalyst Tests The fixed bed microactivity test equipment (MAT) is widely used for studying catalytic cracking at the laboratory scale. However, the traditional MAT unit provides 201PDF Image | Zeolite Catalysis
PDF Search Title:
Zeolite CatalysisOriginal File Name Searched:
Zeolite_Catalysis.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com | RSS | AMP |