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Synthesis and Characterization of Hierarchical ZSM-5 Zeolite Using Various Templates as Cracking Catalysts Z. Zahara1, Y. K. Krisnandi1, W. Wibowo1, D. A Nurani1, D. U. C. Rahayu1, and H. Haerudin2 1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMIPA), Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia 2Research and Development, PT. Pertamina (Persero), Jalan Raya Bekasi, Jakarta 13920, Indonesia Corresponding author’s e-mail: yuni.krisnandi@sci.ui.ac.id Abstract. Attempt to hydrothermally synthesize hierarchical ZSM-5 zeolites (ZSM-5_h) through double template method has been carried out. In order to develop the structure of microporous ZSM-5 zeolite (ZSM-5_m), three different structure directing agents were used, i.e. TPAOH (t), ethylenediamine (en), and triethylenetetramine (teta), followed by dimethyl dialyl ammonium chloride acrylamide copolymer as mesopore directing agent. All samples were characterized using XRD, BET Surface Area Analyzer, and SEM. XRD pattern of ZSM-5_h/t showed the characteristic peaks of ZSM- 5 at position 2θ of 7-9° and 22-25°. Otherwise, the XRD pattern of ZSM-5_h/en and ZSM-5_h/teta showed very weak peaks, indicating that ZSM-5 were not well formed. Nitrogen adsorption of ZSM-5_h/t exhibited hysteresis loop at P/Po 0.7-0.9 indicating the presence of hierarchical mesoporous. SEM images of ZSM-5_h/t showed the characteristic of ZSM-5 which was hexagonal shape. Afterward, H/ZSM-5_h/t zeolite was prepared through ion exchange-treatment using 1 M ammonium nitrate solution, followed by calcination at 823 K to remove all ammonia and produced H/ZSM-5_h/t. This sample was further characterized using XRD and FTIR to observe its acidity. Preliminary test on H/ZSM-5_h/t as catalyst in cracking of n-hexadecane was conducted. As comparison, microporous ZSM-5_m was synthesized and tested under the same conditions to study the effect of different pore size on its activity in catalytic cracking of n-hexadecane. The result showed that ZSM-5_h/t delivered higher conversion than ZSM-5_m, 37.23 and 17.9 in % moles, respectively. It can be concluded that ZSM-5_h was more effective to be used in catalytic cracking of n-hexadecane. INTRODUCTION ZSM-5 zeolites have been widely known as potential catalyst additive in catalytic cracking reaction of n-paraffin [1, 2]. Their properties which is thermally stable, shape selective, and strong acidity make these materials are used in many industrial mainly as catalyst, adsorbent, and molecular sieves [3]. Many researches have been carried out to understand the effect of ZSM-5 additive in total yield of catalytic cracking. Hollander et al. [4] reported that ZSM-5 zeolites can increase the total product of olefin yield from gasoline conversion. Furthermore, Adewuyi et al. [1] reported that addition of 25 %wt ZSM-5 zeolite into FCC catalyst can affect the C2- and butadiene product that did not observed in lower ZSM-5 addition [1]. In order to improve their activity as catalyst, many researches have been modified the pore size of ZSM-5 zeolite to be larger [5, 6] and the acidity properties through ion exchange-treatments. Besides, many studies also reported the various organic directing agent in order to diminish the production cost in synthesis of ZSM-5 zeolites [7]. This present work focused on synthesis and characterization of hierarchical ZSM-5 zeolites using different organic templates and their application as catalyst in catalytic cracking reaction of n-hexadecane. Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Current Progress in Mathematics and Sciences 2017 (ISCPMS2017) AIP Conf. Proc. 2023, 020088-1–020088-6; https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5064085 Published by AIP Publishing. 978-0-7354-1741-0/$30.00 020088-1PDF Image | ZSM-5 zeolite using various templates as cracking catalysts
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