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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. NIKOLATESLA, OF SMILJAN LIKA, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY, ASSIGNOR TO THE TESLAELECTRICLIGHTANDMANUFACTURINGCOMPANY,OF RAHWAY, NEW JERSEY. COMMUTATO R FOR DYNAMO -ELECTRIC MACH NES. SFECIFICATION formingpartofLettersPatentNo.334,823,datedJanuary26,1886. ApplicationfiledMay6,185.SerialNo.164,534. Nomodel.) Toallathlon,itnavyconcern: Be it known that I,NIKOLA TESLA, of SmiljanLika,bordercountryofAustria-Hun intervening insulating material; B B, the brushes. ddaresheetsofasbestuspaperor othersuitablenon-conductingmaterial. ff5 aresprings,thepressureofwhichmaybead gary,haveinventedanImprovementinDy 5namo-ElectricMachines,ofwhichthefollow justedbymeansofthescrewsgg. ing isa specification. Myinventionrelatestothecommutators ondynamo-electricmachines,especialyin machinesofgreatelectromotiveforce,adapted IOtoarclights;anditconsistsinadeviceby meansofwhichthesparkingonthecommu tatorisprevented Itisknownthatinmachinesofgreatelec tromotiveforce-Such,forinstance,asthose I5usedforarclights-wheneveronecommutator barorplatecomesoutofcontactwiththecol In Fig. 2 a simple arrangement is shown lecting-brushaSparkappearsonthecommu inprovidingasolidnon-conductingbodyto tator. Thissparkmaybeduetothebreakof bearuponthesurfaceofthecommutator,by thecompletecircuit,orofashuntoflowre theinterventionofwhichbodythesparking 2Osistanceformed bythebrushbetweentwoor ispartlyorcompletelyprevented. morecommutator-bal's. Inthefirstcasethe Iprefertouseasbestuspaperorclothim Sparkismoreapparent,asthereisatthemo pregnatedwithzinc-oxide,magnesia,zirconia, mentwhenthecircuitisbrokenadischarge ofthemagnetsthroughthefield-helices,pro 25ducingagreatsparkorflashwhichcausesan unsteadycurrent,rapidwearofthecommu tatorbarsandbrushes,andwasteofpower. Thesparkingmaybereducedbyvariousde vices, such as providing a path for the car orothersuitablematerial,asthepaperand75 clotharesoft,andserveatthesametimeto wipeandpolishthecommutator;butmica,or anyothersuitablematerialmaybeemployed, saidmaterialbeinganinsulatororabadcon ductorofelectricity. My invention may be applied to any elec tricapparatusinwhichslidingcontactsare 3orentatthemomentwhenthecommutator segmentorbarleavesthebrush,byshort-cir employed. cuitingthefield-helices,byincreasingthe Iclaimasmyinvention numberofthecommutator-bars,orbyother 1.Thecombination,withthecommutator similarmeans;butalthesedevicesareex barsandinterveninginsulatingmaterialand 35pensiveornotfulyavailable,andseldomat brushesinadynamoelectricmachine,ofasolid taintheobjectdesired. insulator or bad conductor ofelectricityar Myinventionenablesmetopreventthe rangedtobearuponthesurfaceofthecom sparkinginasimplemanner. Forthispur mutatoradjacenttotheendofthebrush,for pose I employ with the commutator-bars thepurposesetforth. 4oandinterveninginsulatingmaterialmica,as 2.Inanelectricapparatusinwhichsliding withtwoplatesofmicaorothermaterial. It willbeseenthatwheneveroneconnnnutator segmentpasesoutofcontactwiththebrush theformationofthearcwilbepreventedby theinterveninginsulatingmaterialcomingin contact with the insulating material on the brush. Myinventionmaybecariedoutinmany ways;andIdonotlimitmyselftoanyparticu lardevice,asmyinventionconsists,broadly, bestuspaperorotherinsulatingandpre?er contactswithinterveninginsulatingmaterial ablyincombustiblematerial,which Iarrange areemployed,thecombination,withthecon tobearonthesurfaceofthecommutator, tactspringsorbrushes,ofasolidinsulatoror95 near to and behind the brush. bad conductor of electricity, as and for the 45 Myinventionwilbeeasilyunderstoodbypurposessetforth. reference to the accompanying drawings. Signed by me this 2d day of May, A. D. Inthedrawings,Figure1isasectionofa 1SS5. commutator with an asbestus insulating de NIKOLA, TESLA. vice;andFig.2isasimilarview,represent 5o ing two plates of mica upon the back of the brush. InFig.1,Crepresentsthecommutatorand Witnesses: GEO. T. PINCKNEY, WILLIAM G. MOTT,PDF Image | Nikola Tesla Commutator for Dynamo Electric Motors 334823
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