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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. NIKOLATESLA, OF NEW YORK, N.Y. MEANS FOR INCREASING THE INTENSTY OF ELECTRICAL OSCLLATIONS, SPECIFICATIONformingpartofLetersPatentNo.685,012,datedoctober2,1901. AplicationfiledMarch21,190,RenewedJuly3,1901,serialNo.6,980,(Nomodel.) ZenoftheUnitedStates,residingatthebor highfrequency,passmainlythroughthesu55 To all whon, it invayconcern. limit,oflitleornovalue,principallybecause BeitknownthatI,NIKOLATESLA,aciti electricaloscilations,particularlythoseof oughofManhattan,inthecity,county,and StateofNewYork,haveinventedcertainnew andusefulImprovementsinMeansforIn creasingtheIntensityofElectricalOscilla tions,ofwhichthefollowingisaspecification, referencebeinghadtothedrawingsaccom O panyingandformingpartofthesame. Inmanyscientificandpracticalusesof electricalimpulsesoroscillations-as,forex ample,insystemsoftransmittinginteligence todistantpoints-itisofgreatiumportanceto perficialconductinglayers,andwhileitis truethatthisdrawbackmaybeovercomein ameasurebytheemploymentofthinribbons, tubes,orstrandedcables,yetinpracticeother disadvantagesarise,whichoftenmorethan ofsetthegain. Itisawell-establishedfactthatasthetem peratureofametalicconductorrisesitselec tricalresistanceincreases,andinrecognition ofthisconstructorsofcommercialelectrical apparatushaveheretoforeresortedtomany intensifyasmuchaspossibletinecurrentim expedientsforpreventingthecoilsandother pulsesorvibrationswhichareproducedin partsofthesamefrombecomingheatedwhen thecircuitsofthetransmittingandreceiv inuse,butmerelywithaviewtoeconomiz inginstruments,particularlyofthelater. ingenergyandreducingthecostofconstrucjo Itiswellknownthatwhenelectricalim tionandoperationoftheapparatus. pulsesareimpresseduponacircuitadapted tooscilatefreelytheintensityoftheoscilla tionsdevelopedinthesameisdependenton themagnitudeofitsphysicalconstantsand therelationoftheperiodsoftheimpressed 25andofthefreeoscillations. Fortheattain mentofthebestresultitisnecessarythat the periods of the impressed should be the sameasthatofthefreoscilations,under whichconditionstheintensityofthelateris greatestandchieflydependentontheinduc tanceandresistanceofthecircuit,beingdi rectly proportionate to the former and in verselytothelater. Inorder,therefore,to intensifytheimpulsesoroscilationsexcited inthecircuit-inotherwords,toproducethe greatestriseofcurrentorelectricalpressure inthesame--itisdesirabletomakeitsin forasaruleimpulsesofarbitraryfrequency (luctanceaslargeanditsresistanceassmallas areimpresseduponacircuit,irespectiveof practicable. HavingthisendinviewIhave itsownfreevibrations,andaresonantriseis devisedandusedconductorsofspecialforms expresslyavoided. andofrelativelyverylargecros-section;but Ihavefoundthatlimitationsexistinregard notprimarilycontemplatethesavingofen totheincreaseoftheinductanceaswellasto ergy,butaimsattheattainmentofadis95 thediminutionoftheresistance. Thiswil tinctlynovelandvaluableresult-thatis,the theresonantriseofcurrentorpressurein theintensityanddurationoffreeoscilations. afreely-oscillatingcircuitisproportionate Itmaybeusefullyappliedinalcaseswhen tothefrequencyoftheimpulsesandthata thisspecialobjectissought,butofersex 09 largeinductanceingeneralinvolvesaslow ceptionaladvantagesinthoseinstancesin So vibration. Ontheotherhand,anincreaseof whichthefreely-oscillatingdischargesofa thesectionoftheconductorwiththeobject condenserareutilized. ofreducingitsresistanceis,beyondacertain Thebestandmostconvenientmannerof 45beunderstoodwhenitisborneinmindthat increasetothegreatestpracticabledegreeof NowIhavediscoveredthatwhenacircuit adaptedtovibratefreelyismaintainedata lowtemperaturetheoscilationsexcitedin thesamearetoanextraordinarydegreemag 75 nifiedandprolonged,andIamthusenabled toproducemanyvaluableresultswhichhave heretoforebeenwhollyimpracticable. Brieflystated,then,myinventionconsists inproducingagreatincreaseintheintensity anddurationoftheoscilationsexcitedina freely-vibratingorresonatingcircuitbymain tainingthesameatalowtemperature. Ordinarilyincommercialapparatussuch provisionismadeonlywiththeobjectofpre ventingwastefulheating,andinanyevent itsinfluenceupontheintensityoftheoscilla tionsisveryslightandpracticalynegligible, Myinvention,itwilbeunderstood,doesPDF Image | Nikola Tesla Means for Increasing the Intensity of electrical Oscilllations 685012
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