Nikola Tesla Method of Insulating Electric Conductors 655838

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Nikola Tesla Method of Insulating Electric Conductors 655838 ( nikola-tesla-method-insulating-electric-conductors-655838 )

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2 655,838 connects'withanothersimilartank1',pro causeanobstructiontoitspassage. For videdwithaninlet-valvel'. Theairorother thesepurposesapparatusmaybeemployed gaswhichisusedasthecoolingagententer whichiswellknownandwhich itisunnec 7O ingthroughthevalve:isdrawnthroughthe essarytoshowindetail. tanki'andpumppintothereservoirr",es Insteadofbeingwastedatthedistantsta capingthencethroughtheconductorCunder tionthecoolingagentmaybeturnedtoSome anydesiredpressure,whichmayberegulated profitableuse. Evidentlyintheindustrial byavalvev'. Boththereservoirsr"andr*andcommercialexploitationofmyinvention75 arekeptatalowtemperaturebysuitable anykindoffluidcapableofmeetingthere O means,asbycoilsortubestt'andit,through quirementsmaybeconveyedfromoneto whichanykindofrefrigeratingfluidmaybe anotherstationandthereutilizedforrefrig circulated,someprovisionbeingpreferably eration,power,heating,lighting,sanitation, madeforadjustingtheflowofthesame,as chemicalprocesses,oranyotherpurposeto byvalvesv'. Thegascontinuouslypassing whichitmaylend itself,and thusthereve 15throughthetubeorconductorCbeingvery nueoftheplantmaybeincreased. cold willfreezeand maintaininthisstatethe waterincontactwithoradjacenttothecon willbedeterminedbythenatureofitsuse ductorandsoinsulateit. Flangedbushings and considerations of economy. For in i.i*ofnon-conductingmaterialmaybeused stance,ifitbeemployedforthetransmis topreventtheleakageofthecurrentwhich sionoftelegraphicmessages,whenthelos wouldotherwiseoccur,owingtotheforma tionofasuperficialfilmofmoistureoverthe iceprojectingoutofthewater. Thetube, beingkeptinsulatedbythismeans,maythen 25 beemployedinthemannerofanordinary telegraphic or other cable by connecting eitherorbothoftheterminalsb'U inacir cuitincludingtheearth. Inmanycasesitwillbeofadvantageto coverthehollowconductorwithathicklayer ofSomecheapmaterial,asfelt,thisbeingin dicated by C in Fig. 2. Such a covering, penetrablebyWater,wouldbeordinarilyof litleornouse;butwhenembeddedinthe 35iceitimprovestheinsulatingqualitiesofthe same. Inthisinstanceitfurthermoreserves togreatlyreducethequantityoficerequired, itsrateofmelting,andtheinfluxofheat inelectricalfrictionmaybeofnoconse quence,averylowtemperaturemaynotbe required;butifitbeusedfortransmitting90 largeamountsofelectricalenergy,Whenthe frictionalwastemaybeaseriousdrawback, itwilbedesirabletokeepitextremelycold. Theattainmentofthisobjectwilbefacili tatedbyanyprovisionforreducingasmuch 95 aspossibletheflowinginoftheheatfrom thesurroundingmedium. Clearlythelower thetemperatureoftheconductorthesmaller will be the loss in electrical friction; but, on theotherhand,thecoldertheconductortheICC) greaterwilbetheinfluxofheatfromthe outsideandthecostofthecoolingagent. fromtheoutside,thusdiminishingtheex Mostfrequentlyinthedistributionofelec 40 penditureofenergynecessaryforthemain tenanceofnormalworkingconditions. As regardsthisenergyandotherparticularsof importancetheywilvaryaccordingtothe specialdemandsineachcase. tricityforindustrialpurposes,asinmysys temofpowertransmissionbyalternatecur rents,morethanoneconductorwilbere quired,andinsuchcasesitmaybeconvenII.O ienttocirculatethecoolingagentinaclosed 45 Generallyconsidered,thecoolingagentwilpathformedbytheconductors.Aplanof havetocarryawayheatata ratesufficient thiskindisillustratedinFig.3,inwhichC tokeeptheconductoratthedesiredtemper andC°representtwohollowconductor'selm atureandtomaintainalayeroftherequired beddedinafrozen massundergroundandII5 thicknessofthesubstancesurroundingitin communicating,respectively,withthereser afrozenState,compensatingcontinuallyfor voirsR'andR',whichareconnectedbyare theheatflowinginthroughthelayerand ciprocatingorothersuitablepumpP. Cool walloftheconductorandthatgeneratedby ingcoilsortubesTT andTT withregul mechanicalandelectricalfriction. Tomeet lating-valves''areelaployed,whichare theseconditions,itscoolingcapacity,which similartoandservethesamepurposeasthose 55 isdependentonthetemperature,density,ve showninFig.1. Otherfeaturesofsimilar locity,andspecificheat,wilbecalculated ity,thoughunnecessary,areillustratedtofa bythehelpofdataandformulaefamiliarto cilitateanunderstandingoftheplan. A engineers. Airwilbe,asarule,suitable three-wayvalveV*isprovided,whichwhenI25 fortheusecontemplated;butinexceptional placedwithitsleverlasindicatedallows instancesSomeothergas,ashydrogen,may thecoolingagenttoenterthroughthetubes beresortedto,whichwillpermitamuch u'i'andpumpP,thusfilingthereservoirs greaterrateofcoolingandalowertempera R.R.andhollowconductorsC'C';butwhen turetobereached. Obviouslywhichever turnedninetydegreesthevalveshutsofthe gasbeemployeditshouldbeforeenteringthe communicationtotheoutsidethroughthe hollowconductororchannelbethoroughly tubeu'andestablishesaconnectionbetween driedandseparatedfromalwhichbycon thereservoirR andpumpIPthroughthe densationanddepositionorotherwisemight tubes andit,thuspermittingthefluidtobe Astothetemperatureoftheconductorit Fromsuchandsimilarconsiderationsthe temperaturesecuringthehighesteconomy Willbeascertained. IC5

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