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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. LGGLGLGLLLLSGGLGGLLGLSLSLSLGGG LLLLLGLLLGLGLLLLLLLLLGLLGLSGL WALTEA, MASSACEUSETTs, A.CORPORATION OF MASSACEUSETTS. "SPE D-INIDICATOR. 1,209,359. SpecificationofLettersPatent. PatentedDec.19,1916. Applicationfleday 9,1914. serialNo.841,788. Toalwhomitmayconcern BeitknownthatI,NIKoLATEsLA,aciti ortheviscosityoftheliquidisgreat. zenoftheUnitedStates,residingatNew Havingdeterminedtheconditionsunder York,inthecountyandStateofNewYork, haveinventedcertainnewandusefulIm provementsinSped-Indicators,ofwhich thefollowingisaful,clear,andexactde scription. Intheprovisionofspeedindicators,that 10givedirectreadingsofrateofmotion forexampleshaftspeedsintermsofrevolu whichthelawofproportionalityoftorque tospeed(ratherthantothesquareofthe60 speedortosomehigherexponentialfunc tionofthesame)holdsgood,Ihaveapplied mydiscoveriesintheproductionofnewde vices-esentialyindicatorsofspeedbut havingwiderfieldsofuse-whichare,in65 many aspects, superior to other forms of speedometers. tionsperminuteorvehiclespeedsinmiles perhour-itisobviouslyimportantthatthe SpecificalyIhavedevisedrate-of-motion instrumentbesimple,inexpensiveanddu indicators which comprise driving and 15 rable,andthatitsindicationsbecorect drivenmemberswithconfronting,closely70 throughoutawiderangeofspeed. Likewise adjacent, noncontacting, smooth, annular itisverydesirablethatitsoperationshal surfacesoflargearea,coactinginthetrans besubjecttolitleornoappreciabledevia missionoftorquethroughtheviscosityand tionfromaccuracyundernormalorex adhesionofinterposedthinfilmsofair 20 pectedextraneouschanges,suchasthoseofmechanicalstructuresoferingnumerous75 atmosphericdensity,temperatute,ormag constructive and operative advantages. neticinfluence,inorderthatthestructure Furthermore,byproperlydesigningandco maybefreefromanycomplicationsinci ordinatingtheesentialelementsofsuchin denttotheemploymentofspecificmeans strumentsIhavesecuredsubstantiallinear 25 compensatingforsuchvaryingconditions. proportionalitybetweenthedeflectionsof80 ypresentinventionsupliesasped theindicatingorsecondaryelementandthe measuringapplianceamplysatisfyingcom rateofrotationofthedrivingorprimary mercialdemandsasabovestated,inastruc member. turewhereintheadhesionandviscosityof Theconditionsmoreorlessindispensable agaseousmedium,preferablyair,isutilized forthismostperfectembodimentofmyin 85 fortorque-transmissionbetweenthedriving vention-thatistosay,embodimentina anddrivenmembers. speed indicator approximating rigorous Moreparticularly,myinventionprovides linearproportionalityofdeflectiontospeed arotatableprimaryandamechanicallyre are: SS sistantorbiasedpivotedsecondaryelement, cooperating through an intervening fluid mediumtoproduce,inherently,withoutthe use of compensating instrumentalities, angulardisplacementsofthesecondaryele mentinlinearproportiontotherateofrota tionoftheprimary,sothatthereading scalemaybeuniformlygraduated. This lateradvantageissecuredthroughtheap plicationofnovelprinciples,discoveredby 45 me,whichwilbepresentlyelucidated. Ininvestigatingtheefectsoffluidsin motionuponrotativesystemsIhaveob servedthatundercertainconditionstobe hereafter defined, the drag or turning 50 efortexertedbythefluidisexactlypro portionatetoitsvelocityrelativetothe system. ThisIhavefoundtobetrueof gaseousandliquidmedia,withthedistinc 1.The??????????? besuchthat90 theexchangeoffluidactingonthesystem isefectivelypreventedorminimized. If newfluidwerepermittedtopassfrelybe tweentheelementstherewouldbe,asina pump,withtheriseandfalofvelocity,95 correspondingchangesofquantityandthe torquewouldnotvarydirectlyasthesped, butasanexponentialfunctionofthesame. Broadlyspeaking,suchprovisionasiscom monlvmadeinhydraulicbrakesforfreecir 100 culationoffluidwithrespecttotherotative system,withtheattendantacelerationand retardationoftheflow,wilgenerallypro duceatorquevaryingasthesquareofthe speed,subjecthowever,inpractice,toin 05 fluenceswhichmaycauseittoichangeac cordingtostilhigherpowers. Forthis reasonconfinementofthefluidintervening 55 tionhowever,thatthelimitswithinwhich betweentheprimaryandsecondaryelements thelawholdsgoodarenarrowerfortheofthesystemsothatsuchactive,torque O later,especialysowhenthespecificgravityPDF Image | Nikola Tesla Speed Indicator 1209359
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