PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 017
• CSP electricity production aligns closely with periods of peak electricity demand, reducing the need for investment in new generating plants and transmission system upgrades. • Thermal storage or the hybridization of CSP systems with natural gas avoids the problems of solar intermittency and allows the plant to dispatch power to the line when it is needed. • The widespread availability of solar energy throughout the Southwest provides utilities with flexibility in locating CSP plants near existing or planned transmission lines. • Placing CSP plants on the “right” side of congestion can reduce grid congestion and increase grid reliability. • Large centrally-located power plants are the types of systems that the utilities have operated for years and with which they are most comfortable. • Once the CSP plant is built, its energy costs are fixed; this stands in contrast to fossil fueled plants that have experienced large fluctuations in fuel prices during the last several years. Arizona Public Service, in its description of the Southwestern Utility Consortium CSP Initiative,52 gave the following reasons why the consortium of 10 Southwestern utilities is considering developing a CSP plant in Arizona: • Solar energy is Arizona’s greatest renewable resource • CSP is the most effective solar technology • CSP’s peaking capacity when paired with storage or natural gas • Its potential for cost competitiveness in the near future Utilities are also concerned that there may eventually be constraints on greenhouse gas emissions. Because CSP plants do not emit carbon dioxide, they allow utilities to generate electricity without emitting that greenhouse gas. Utility concerns about future greenhouse gas regulations are being fueled by actions taken throughout the country. In September 2006, California enacted the California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006, which requires California to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by 25 percent by 2020.53 As of October 2006, more than 300 mayors representing over 50 million Americans had agreed to take steps to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.54 Constraints on greenhouse emissions may make fossil fuel-generated power more expensive, thereby improving the economics of CSP projects. CSP also helps utilities come into compliance with existing Federal, State, and local air quality regulations. The environmental impact of solar energy depends on what fuel source was used to generate the electricity it is replacing. Relative to a typical natural gas combined cycle plant, the cleanest source of fossil-fueled electricity, a 100 MW CSP plant with 6 hours of storage reduces NOx emissions by 7.4 tons/year, CO emissions by 4.5 tons/year, and CO2 emissions by 191,000 tons/year.55 It should be noted, however, that this environmental analysis did not include a complete life cycle analysis that took into account the emissions resulting from constructing the power plants or from making the materials that went into the plants. 10PDF Image | 2007 Concentrating Solar Power USA DOE
PDF Search Title:
2007 Concentrating Solar Power USA DOEOriginal File Name Searched:
41233.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)