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2007 Concentrating Solar Power USA DOE

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2007 Concentrating Solar Power USA DOE ( 2007-concentrating-solar-power-usa-doe )

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30 “Feasibility of 1,000 Megawatts of Solar Power in the Southwest by 2006,” DOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), August 2002, Pg. 3 31 Ibid., Pg. 3 32 “Assessment of Parabolic Trough and Power Tower Solar Technology Cost and Performance Forecasts” Draft 3, Sargent and Lundy, LLC, October 2002 33 “Assessment of Parabolic Trough and Power Tower Solar Technology Cost and Performance Forecasts,” Sargent and Lundy, LLC, May 2003, Pg. ES3 34 Ibid., Pg. ES2 35 Ibid. 36 “Critique of the Sargent and Lundy Assessment of Cost and Performance Forecasts for Concentrating Solar Power,” National Research Council, November 22, 2002 37 Ibid., Pg. 4 38 Ibid., Pg. 6 39 “Assessment of Parabolic Trough and Power Tower Solar Technology Cost and Performance Forecasts,” Sargent and Lundy, LLC, May 2003, Pgs. I-1 to I-13 40 “Critique of the Sargent and Lundy Assessment of Cost and Performance Forecasts for Concentrating Solar Power,” National Research Council, November 22, 2002, Pg. 11 41 S&L’s scope of work was to develop a “reasonable” deployment scenario assuming policy measures were in place to support it and then estimate the impact of that deployment on the cost of the technology. It was to be left to the Federal and/or State governments to determine if establishing such policies were prudent. However, the importance of policy on the development of solar energy can be seen from international examples. Over the last several years, the market for photovoltaics has been driven by incentives offered by the Japanese and German governments. Japan offered a buy-down that began at $9.00/Watt (W) in 1994 and was slowly reduced until phasing out in 2005. This established a photovoltaic (PV) market in Japan of over 50,000 systems in 2004 (Ref: “Toward Expanding New Energy Introduction,” Japanese Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, July 2006). The Spanish established an incentive which shows how sensitive the market is to the size of the incentive. In 2002, Spain issued a Royal Decree that offered a premium of 12 Euro cents/kWh for solar thermal power. No projects were established. In 2004, the premium was increased to 18 Euro cents/kWh. This level of incentive quickly resulted in projects being developed totaling the 200 MW maximum allowed (Ref: “CSP Project Developments in Spain,” SolarPACES, July 2005, Retrieved on September 1, 2006, from http://www.solarpaces.org/projects.htm#CSP%20Projects%20Spain). 42 “Analysis of Concentrating Solar Power Plant Siting Opportunities: Discussion Paper for WGA Central Station Solar Working Group,” M. Mehos, NREL, July 2005, Pg. 2 43 Ibid., Pg. 2 44 “Country Analysis Brief – United States,” Energy Information Administration, January 2005 45 “California’s Electricity Generation and Transmission Interconnection Needs Under Alternative Scenarios,” Electric Power Group, LLC, prepared for the California Energy Commission, 700-04-003, March 2004. 46 Section 26 United States Code, 26 USC § 25D (2005), Retrieved on September 1, 2006, from http://www.dsireusa.org/library/includes/incentive2.cfm?Incentive_Code=US37F&State+Federal¤tp ageid=1&ee=1&re=1 47 “Renewable Energy,” California Public Utilities Commission, Retrieved on Sept 1, 2006, from http://www.cpuc.ca.gov/static/energy/electric/renewableenergy/index.htm 48 “State Clean Energy Maps and Graphs,” Union of Concerned Scientists, Updated October 14, 2005, Retrieved on October 12, 2006 from http://www.ucsusa.org/clean_energy/clean_energy_policies/state- clean-energy-maps-and-graphs.html 49 “Nevada Revised Statutes: 704.7821,” Nevada Legislature, Retrieved on September 12, 2006, from http://www.leg.state.nv.us/nrs/NRS-704.html#NRS704Sec7821 50 “Governor Richardson’s Task Force on Concentrating Solar Power in New Mexico: Member Roster,” Retrieved on September 1, 2006, from http://www.emnrd.state.nm.us/emnrd/ecmd/ConcentratingSolarPower/documents/CSP- TaskForceComposition-04-13-04.doc 51“Clean and Diversified Energy Initiative Solar Task Force Report,” Western Governors’ Association, January 2006. 24

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