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A Manual for the Economic Evaluation of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Technologies

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A Manual for the Economic Evaluation of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Technologies ( a-manual-economic-evaluation-energy-efficiency-and-renewable )

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ExplanationofEntries: TLCCandRRarenotrecommendedbecausetheyprovidenoframeofreference astowhatareacceptablecostsandtheydonotconsiderbenefitsandreturns. IRRisacceptable(within the constraints mentioned in the Investment Features portion of the matrix) and is commonly used for many acceptlreject decisions because it allows a quick comparison with a minimum acceptable rate of return (hurdle rate) that represents the opportunity cost of capital to the investor. Select from mutually exclusive aZ&matives: Only one set of investments can be selected. This might occur because the investments comprise different methods or designs for providing the same service or because different size systems are being considered to provide different levels of the same kind of service. ExplanationofEntries: Iftheretumsandbenefitsarethesameforallalternatives,thenanyoneofthe measures is acceptable. However benefits frequently vary in terms of the time of major returns, unequal lifetimes, services, or output. Because the choice of one alternative precludes taking advantage of the other alternatives, most measures are not recommended because they fail to recognize the difference in the size of the investments (e.g. LCOE, IRR, MIRR, payback, B/C, SIR); a large investment allows the investor to invest more of his or her assets at a favorable return (incremental analysis of the larger investment compared to the smaller investment can rectify this shortcoming of these measures). TLCC and RR are not listed as "recommended" because they do not explicitly consider returns and benefits. TILCC is commonly used to choose between energy efficiency investments that provide identical benefits. NPV is recommended because it explicitly determines the value by giving larger projects credit for potentially larger returns. Ranking: Ranking of investment alternatives is used to select one or more investments from a set of nonrnutually exclusive investment alternatives. Usually the selections are constrained by budget, cash flow, or other resources. The objective of the analysis is to select the set of investments that will maximize the value to the investor from his or her available investment funds. ExplanationofEnQies: TLCCandRRarenotlistedas"recoinmended"becausetheydonotexplicitly consider benefits and returns. IRR is not recommended because It implicitly assumes reinvestment of returns at the IRR, and therefore, overvalues projects with early returns. Unless risk is a major consideration,paybackmethodsarenotrecommendedbecausetheyignorereturnsafterpayback. NPV is acceptable but requires the evaluation of each combination of different investments that meets the resource constraints. LCUE, MIRR, B/C, and SIR are recommended because they provide the proper ranking of projects, which are then selected in the order of their rank until the resource budget is exhausted? 2OFor analyses in which the surn of the investment costs (i.e., resource requirements) of the high priority investments do not sum exactly to the budget (i.e., resource constraint), there is a possibility that some other combination of the low priority tasks that uses a larger portion of the budget will provide more value to the investor. For a small set of investment alternatives, the analyst can usually identify the optimum set by inspection of or by computing the NPV for all combinations; for larger numbers of alternatives, integer linear programming can be used. 38

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