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Formula Application I PVOM T PVDEP (1) No Taxes I+PVOM Residential, non- profits, government = initial investment = present value O&M costs = income tax rate = present value of depreciation (2) Cost After Tax Deductions I -(TxPVDEP)-I- PVOM(1 -T) Commercial, industrial (31 Before-Tax Revenue Required [I -(Tx PVDEP)+ PVOM(1 - T)] / (1 - T) Utility sector 0 TLCC = 10.000 - (0.34x 7.809) + (5.091 x 0.66) = $10,705 NPV 0 $ 10,000 I I Table4-7. TLCCVariations 5-year double-decliningdepreciation schedule, a marginal federal income tax rate of 34%,no state income tax, and a nominal discount rate of 12%. To find the after-tax cost to the investor, the formula in column 2 can be used to calculate a TLCC of $10,705. This is illustrated in Table 4-8. If the for-profit investor is a utility, the before-tax revenues required to cover the after-tax costs may be desired. In accordance with the formula in column 3 of Table 4-7, this can easily be accomplished by dividing the after-tax costs by (1 - T) to yield a TLCC of $16,220. Year Investment $ 10,000 0 0 0 0 Discounted Investment $ 10,000 0 0 0 0 Table4-8. After-TaxTLCCEvaluation $ 4,000 $ 3,571 2,400 1,913 1,440 1,025 1,080 686 1,080 613 $ 7,809 $0 1,339 1,379 1,421 1,463 1,507 $0 ,196 ,100 ,011 930 855 $ 5,091 Using TLCC calculations to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of energy efficiency investments requires calculating a TLCC both with and without the investment. For example, a 75-watt incandescent light bulb operating 6 hours per night throughout the year will require 164.25 kWh annually to operate. At 6 cents per kWh this equates to $9.86. If it is assumedthat electricity costs remain at 6 cents per kWh and a bulb needs replacing once a year at a cost of $1 per bulb, a TLCC (using a 12% nominal discount rate) is 45PDF Image | A Manual for the Economic Evaluation of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Technologies
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