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Qiscussion Assessing the cost-effectiveness of DSM and supply-side program options occurs during the screening analysisphaseoftheIRPprocess. Belowwehavedescribedfivewidelyused"standardpractice"DSM cost-effectivenesstests. Wehavefocusedondemand-sideoptionsbecausemanyanalystsareunfamiliar with the technical and policy problems of DSM ~ p t i o n ~A.s with any BIC ratio test, options with ratios greater thanor equal to one are considered economicallyjustified. The following BIC formulas, along with detailed idormation related to DSM analyses, can be found in EPRI's Principles and Practice of Demand- Side Management (EPRI 1993). Participant Test: Parficipant Perspective The Participant Test provides a measure of the quantifiable benefits and costs of a DSM program to a tygicalparticipatingcustomer;itdoesnotconsiderimpactsontheutility. Theintentofthisperspective is to measure the economic and financial characteristics inherent to a program with the purpose of attracting customers. The benefits to the participant are equal to the sum of any participant incentives paid, any reduction in bills, and any federal or state tax deductions or credits. Participant costs include any other out-of-pocket costs associated with the particular program. expressed as follows: The Participant Test can be (4-23) Where: Participant Test = B, f C,, Bp=CNi={r[Iii-(a*iCRJ]f(1 +d)'} C, = ENiz{lDC,+(1 +d>i} = participantbenefit = participantcost = incentives received by participant in year i = participant change in electricity use in year i BP CP Ii Bi CR, = consumer electricity rate in year i DCi = direct costs of consumer's participation in year i d = discountrate N = number of years. For example, consider a residential DSM program involving energy-efficient dishwashers, where the utility company offers a one-time $200 rebate when its residential customers purchase energy-efficient dishwashers at $600 (assume standard dishwashers can be salvaged at $100, thus, the incremental consumerparticipationcostis$500). Thewashershavea10-yearlifespanandsave1000kWhperyear. In addition, assume a real discount rate of 6% and a constant dollar electricity rate (consumer's cost) of $0.08 per kWh over the entire 10-year period. The Participant Test for this example is calculated as follows: Where: Participant Test = $788.80 +$500= 1.58 (4-24) B, = $200 i- E1oi=[(lLOO0 kWhlyear * $O.O8/kWh) + (1 + 0.06)'] = $788.80 C, = $600 - $100 = $500. 65PDF Image | A Manual for the Economic Evaluation of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Technologies
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