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Drive 6% Structure 40% Receiver 20% Reflector 25% Controls January 1999 Other 5% 4% Figure 4. Collector cost breakdown Parabolic-Trough Technology Roadmap Cost projections for parabolic-trough plants are based on the SEGS experience and the current competitive marketplace. Recent feasibility studies project SEGS-type plant costs at about $2,000/kW and ISCCS plants at about $850/kW. Of particular note are solar field costs, which are currently projected at about $215/m2 installed. The cost breakdown for solar field components or subsystems is shown in Figure 4. Note that the structure, reflective surface, and receiver together constitute about 85% of the total costs, clearly identifying targets for cost reduction. OPPORTUNITIES FOR COST REDUCTION In recent years, trough technology has sometimes been viewed as dated, with limited potential for continued reduction in the levelized cost of electricity; however, workshop participants identified a number of opportunities that will likely lead to substantial cost reduction and performance improvement over the current trough technology. ÿ Power Plant Size Increasing plant size is one of the easiest ways to reduce the cost of solar electricity from parabolic-trough power plants. Studies have shown that doubling the size reduces the capital cost by approximately 12%–14%. This cost reduction typically comes from several factors. Economies of scale due to increased manufacturing volume reduce unit costs for both the power block and solar field. Also, O&M costs for larger plants will typically be less on a per- kilowatt basis because significantly fewer operators and somewhat fewer maintenance crews per megawatt are needed for larger plants. Power plant maintenance costs will be reduced with larger plants, but solar field maintenance costs, while lower, will scale more linearly with solar field size. ÿ ISCCS The Integrated Solar Combined-Cycle System is a proposed configuration that would utilize the steam bottoming cycle in a combined cycle plant to convert the solar thermal energy into electricity. In the ISCCS configuration, the steam turbine would be increased in size by as much as 100% over the conventional combined cycle. The ISCCS design offers a number of potential advantages over a stand-alone Rankine-cycle plant. The incremental capital and O&M costs of the ISCCS are significantly lower than the cost of a conventional Rankine plant. Also, the solar electric operating efficiency should be higher due to reduced start-up losses. However, some design optimization remains to be completed to minimize the potential impact to gas-mode operation. Initial studies show that the ISCCS configuration could reduce the cost of solar power by as much as 22% over the blended cost of power from a conventional SEGS plant (25% fossil) of similar size. Page 10PDF Image | A Pathway for Sustained Commercial Development and Deployment of Parabolic Trough Technology
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