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Assessing the Potential for Renewable Energy on Public Lands A Wind Energy Resource Atlas of the United States was produced in 1987 by staff at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. The resolution of the gridded contiguous U.S. wind resource data is 1/4 degree of latitude by 1/3 degree of longitude. Each grid cell was assigned a wind power class, which applies only to sites within the grid cell that are well exposed to the wind. Depending on the terrain type within the grid cell, the portion of the grid cell that is exposed could vary from as little as 5% (ridge crests) to 95% (flat plains). The values were assigned by integrating several subjective factors: quantitative wind data, qualitative indicators of wind speed or power, the characteristics of exposed sites in various terrains, and familiarity with the meteorology, climatology, and topography of the region. As a result, the degree of certainty with which the wind power class can be specified depended on the abundance and quality of wind data, the complexity of the terrain, and the geographical variability of the resource. For more information, see http://rredc.nrel.gov/wind/pubs/atlas. Reference: Elliott, D.L., C.G. Holladay, W.R. Barchet, H.P. Foote, and W.F. Sandusky. 1987. Wind Energy Resource Atlas of the United States. Golden, CO: Solar Energy Research Institute. Biomass A Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) has been shown to be highly correlated to surface vegetation. NDVI is derived from the visible and near-infrared channel reflectances. This data set is produced as part of the NOAA/NASA Pathfinder Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometers Land program. It contains global monthly composites of NDVI at a 1 x 1 degree resolution, resampled to 8 x 8 km pixels in the output product. NDVI is derived using the following formula: (near-infrared reflectance - visible reflectance) (near-infrared reflectance + visible reflectance) The visible channel (0.58 to 0.68 μm) is in a part of the spectrum where chlorophyll causes considerable absorption of incoming radiation. The near-infrared channel (0.73 to 1.10 μm) is in a spectral region where spongy mesophyll leaf structure leads to considerable reflectance. A few validation checks have been built into the Pathfinder data processing (quality control flags). Automated quality checks are made for consistency in fields such as date and satellite or scan times. Geophysical values are checked to see that they are within a reasonable range. Certain anomalies may exist in the data set because of conditions inherent in the input data—for example, missing scan lines or orbits, incorrect or incomplete calibration coefficients—and many of these data are flagged with the quality control indicator. The authors wish to thank the Distributed Active Archive Center (Code 902.2) at the Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, for producing the data in their present form and distributing them. The original data products were produced under the NOAA/NASA Pathfinder program, by a processing team headed by Mary James of the Goddard Global Change Data Center. The science algorithms were established by the AVHRR Land Science Working Group, chaired by Dr. John Townshend of the University of Maryland. The Goddard Center’s contributions to these activities were sponsored by NASA's “Mission to Planet Earth” program. B3PDF Image | Assessing The Potential For Renewable Energy On Public Lands
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