BIOMASS TO ENERGY AND CHEMICALS HighBio2 Project Publication

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BIOMASS TO ENERGY AND CHEMICALS HighBio2 Project Publication ( biomass-to-energy-and-chemicals-highbio2-project-publication )

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Chemical and Physical Activation of Gasification Carbon Residue: Adsorption Studies Sari Kilpimaa1, Ulla Lassi1,2 and Toivo Kuokkanen1 1University of Oulu, Department of Chemistry, Finland 2University of Jyväskylä, Kokkola University Consortium Chydenius, Unit of Applied Chemistry, Finland Introduction In recent years, energy generated from biomass-based heat and power production has become more established due to higher electricity prices and the introduction of green electricity certificates. The use of wood for energy production has many advantages because it is renewable as well as local, and it creates jobs, especially in areas of dispersed development. However, energy generated via biomass gasification produces a solid carbon residue that must be utilized economically. Utilization of carbon residue is part of sustainable power generation from biomass and contributes to a green energy image. In addition, according to Finland ́s national legislation of waste material, which is largely based on EU legislation, all kinds of waste must be utilized primarily as material (reuse and recycling) (Waste Act 646/2011). The options available for dealing with waste are described by a waste hierarchy that is derived from five categories: prevention, reuse and preparation for reuse, recycling, recovery (e.g. as energy), and disposal (Directive 2008/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council). Adsorption is widely applied in the treatment of wastewater as well as in the purification of drinking water and groundwater. Activated carbon is a versatile adsorbent due to its good adsorption properties and its important role as a filter material for the removal of odors, colors, and tastes from liquids and gases. In the future, activated carbon use will increase due to growing concern over environment pollution. Water contamination and limited water resources are a global problem and 85

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